GAA19CA060

NTSB accident investigation · Beech 36 · Williams, AZ · November 14, 2018

Accident · Minor injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
November 14, 2018, 12:06 local (19:06 UTC)
Place
Williams, AZ
Injuries
1 minor, 1 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Initial climb
Aircraft
N264PCBeech 36
Defining event
Initial climb: Collision during takeoff/land
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report June 10, 2019
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
General Aviation Accidents
Parties
FAA
FAA report
20181114024179A
Case key
98638

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's failure to attain a sufficient climb rate during initial climb in high-density altitude conditions with the airplane near its forward center of gravity and maximum gross weight limits, which resulted in an impact with trees.

Findings · 5

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Performance/control parameters: climb rateAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedAll aircraft: 265 casesProbable cause
Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause
Object/animal/substance: tree(s)Environmental issues › Physical environment · Effect on operationAll aircraft: 933 casesProbable cause
Aircraft capability: cG/weight distributionAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Capability exceededAll aircraft: 66 casesProbable cause
Aircraft capability: maximum weightAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Capability exceededAll aircraft: 152 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot reported that, during an uphill takeoff into ascending terrain, about 4,000 ft down the 6,000-ft-long runway and at 80 knots, he rotated the airplane and stayed in ground effect to gain airspeed. He began pulling back to establish a climb, but the stall warning horn sounded, so he reduced the pitch attitude. He added that he "constantly attempted" to pitch up until he heard the stall horn. At the end of the runway, he retracted the landing gear, but it did not affect the airplane’s performance. He reported that he knew the airplane had attained a positive climb rate but did not know the specific value. He then saw that the airplane was going to strike a tree, so he pulled back hard, but the airplane struck the tree and then impacted terrain. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the right wing. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. The airport’s automated weather observation station reported that, about 9 minutes after the accident, the wind was calm, temperature 50°F, dew point 3°F, and an altimeter setting of 30.41 inches of mercury. The airplane departed from runway 18. The airport elevation was about 6,691 ft mean sea level (msl). Runway 18 was 6,000 ft by 100 ft with a 1.0% up gradient. The calculated density altitude was 7,128 ft. The calculated takeoff distance with flaps up was 2,442 ft, and the takeoff distance over a 50-ft obstacle was 4,440 ft. The calculated climb rate was 670 ft per minute. The airplane was equipped with additional tip tanks per a supplemental type certificate, which increased the allowable maximum gross weight to 3,833 lbs. The pilot reported that the airplane’s weight at the time of the accident was 3,797 lbs with a center of gravity of 80.7 inches, which was near the forward center of gravity limit. The pilot added that the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector estimated that the tree was 35 to 40 ft tall. The FAA inspector provided an on-scene picture, which included the elevation and latitude and longitude coordinates for the accident site. The elevation was 6,716 ft msl, and based on the coordinates, about 0.4 mile from the end of the runway.

Factual narrative

The pilot reported that, during an uphill takeoff into ascending terrain, about 4,000 ft down the 6,000 ft runway and at 80 knots, he rotated the airplane and stayed in ground effect to gain airspeed. He began pulling back to establish a climb, but the stall warning horn chirped, so he reduced the pitch attitude. He "constantly attempted" to pitch up until he heard the stall horn. At the end of the runway, he retracted the landing gear, but it did not affect performance. He reported that he knew the airplane had attained a positive climb rate but did not know the specific value. He then saw that the airplane was going to strike a tree, so he pulled back hard, but the airplane struck the tree and then impacted terrain. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the right wing. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. The automated weather observation station located on the airport reported that, about 9 minutes after the accident, the wind was calm, temperature 10°C (50°F), dew point -16°C (3°F), and altimeter 30.41" Hg. The airplane departed on runway 18. The airport elevation was about 6,691 ft mean sea level (msl). Runway 18 was 6,000 ft by 100 ft with a 1.0% up gradient. The calculated density altitude was 7,128 ft. The calculated takeoff distance with flaps up was 2,442 ft and the takeoff distance over a 50 ft obstacle was 4,440 ft. The calculated rate of climb was 670 ft/min. The airplane was equipped with additional tip tanks per a supplemental type certificate, which increased the maximum gross weight to 3,833 pounds. The pilot reported that the weight at the time of the accident was 3,797 pounds with a center of gravity of 80.7", near the forward center of gravity limit. The pilot added that the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector estimated that the tree was 35 to 40 ft tall. The FAA inspector provided an on-scene picture which included an elevation and latitude/longitude coordinates for the accident site. The elevation was 6,716 ft msl and, based on the coordinates, about 0.4 miles from the end of the runway.

Aircraft

Registration
N264PC
Reported as
Beech 36 (A36)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
E-3444
Built
2002
Airframe hours
1,468.8
Engine
Continental IO-550-39B, 300 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Utility
Last inspection
Annual · April 1, 2018
Departed
CMR · Williams, AZ
Destination
AVX · Avalon, CA
Flight plan
VFR
Airport
CMR · H A Clark Memorial Field, runway 18, 6,000 × 100 ft, asphalt
Equipment
Stall warning system, ADS-B, Auto-pilot, Electronic flight bag or handheld device, Onboard weather

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
75
Injuries
None
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 3, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
July 12, 2018
Seat
Left
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
1,310 total · 214 in this make and model · 1,248 as pilot in command · 31 in the last 90 days · 21 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
Calm
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
50 °F, dew point 3 °F
Altimeter
30.40 inHg
Observed at
KCMR

Docket · 8

The files NTSB released with the investigation on March 18, 2019, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 7.1 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.