GAA19CA383

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA28 · Milton, FL · June 25, 2019

Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
June 25, 2019, 17:45 local (22:45 UTC)
Place
Milton, FL
Injuries
3 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Landing
Aircraft
N5697VPiper PA28
Defining event
Landing: Runway excursion
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report May 21, 2020
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
General Aviation Accidents
Parties
FAA
FAA report
20190625007979A
Case key
99763

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The flight instructor's intentional overapplication of rudder to avoid a ditch during landing with a tailwind, which resulted in a runway excursion and landing gear collapse.

Findings · 5

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Performance/control parameters: directional controlAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Capability exceededPiper PA-28-161: 27 casesAll aircraft: 3,958 casesProbable cause
Empennage structure: rudderAircraft › Aircraft structures · Capability exceededPiper PA-28-161: 2 casesAll aircraft: 15 casesProbable cause
Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · Instructor/check pilotPiper PA-28-161: 40 casesAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause
Wind: tailwindEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operationPiper PA-28-161: 4 casesAll aircraft: 594 casesProbable cause
Terrain: sloped/uneven terrainEnvironmental issues › Physical environment · Contributed to outcomePiper PA-28-161: 5 casesAll aircraft: 270 cases

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The flight instructor reported that, while returning to the departure airport after an instructional flight, she noticed that the weather was deteriorating and decided that she would perform the landing. She added that she felt wind shear during the approach, and she flew the airplane about 5 to 10 knots faster than normal. During the landing, she "felt a strong push from behind that accelerated the [air]plane tremendously." She applied full brakes, but the airplane continued moving forward and exited the end of the runway. Concerned the airplane would impact a deep ditch, the instructor turned the airplane left. The airplane came to rest in grass, and the main landing gear collapsed. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left and right wings. The instructor reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation.

Factual narrative

The flight instructor reported that, while returning to the departure airport after an instruction flight, she noticed that the weather was deteriorating and decided that she would perform the landing. She added that she felt windshear during the approach and she flew the airplane about 5 to 10 knots faster than normal. During the landing, she "felt a strong push from behind that accelerated the plane tremendously." She applied full brakes, the airplane continued moving forward, approaching and leaving the end of the runway. Concerned the airplane would impact a deep ditch, the flight instructor turned the airplane to the left, collapsing the right main landing gear and coming to rest on the grass. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left and right wing. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. An automated weather observation station, located 4 miles north, reported that, about 11 minutes after the accident, the wind was calm with light thunderstorm rain. The airplane was landing on runway 18. Additionally, at 45 past the hour, thunderstorms and cumulonimbus clouds were reported in the area with peak wind gusts from 240° at 29 knots.

Aircraft

Registration
N5697V
Reported as
Piper PA28 (161)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
28-7716203
Built
1977
Airframe hours
4,170.35
Engine
Lycoming O-320-D3G, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Instructional · Part 91
Operator
Trident Aircraft
Registered owner
Peter Prince Aviation Center Llc
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal; Standard, Utility
Last inspection
Unknown · May 1, 2019
Departed
2R4 · Milton, FL
Destination
2R4 · Milton, FL
Airport
2R4 · Peter Prince Field, runway 18, 3,701 × 75 ft, asphalt
Equipment
ADS-B, Stall warning system

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Flight instructor
Age
30
Injuries
None
Certificates
Flight instructor, Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
January 15, 2019
Seat
Right
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
620 total · 500 in this make and model · 520 as pilot in command · 250 in the last 90 days · 85 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
Calm
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
10,000 ft broken
Temperature
79 °F, dew point 64 °F
Altimeter
30.04 inHg
Observed at
KNDZ, 4 nm away

Docket · 2

The files NTSB released with the investigation on September 5, 2019, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 4.0 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.