- Date
- June 20, 2019, 12:00 local (19:00 UTC)
- Place
- Hollister, CA
- Injuries
- 1 minor
- Damage
- Substantial damage
- Phase of flight
- Initial climb
- Aircraft
- N28CUNorth American T28
- Defining event
- Initial climb: Loss of engine power (total)
- Weather
- Visual (VMC) · Day
- Status
- Completed · report April 13, 2020
- Report
- Approved by Office Director
- NTSB office
- General Aviation Accidents
- Parties
- FAA
- FAA report
- 20190620007639A
- Case key
- 99867
From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.
On this page
Probable cause
The pilot's improper fuel planning, which resulted in fuel exhaustion and the subsequent total loss of engine power.
Findings · 4
NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.
Sequence of events
The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.
Analysis
The pilot reported that, after takeoff and while the airplane was about 500 ft above ground level, he retracted the landing gear and that, shortly thereafter, the engine sputtered and lost power. He adjusted the fuel mixture, but it did not have any effect. He attempted to return to the airport, but after realizing that the airplane would not reach the runway, he decided to land in a dirt field near the airport with the landing gear retracted. He recalled that he had the airplane refueled about a week before the accident. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the fuselage. The Federal Aviation Administration inspector who examined the airplane reported that he only removed about 1 or 2 cups of fuel out of the fuel system. The airplane was equipped with only one fuel gauge, which had a single switch that had left, right, and center positions. In the left position, it showed empty; in the center position, which showed the total fuel onboard, it showed 900 lbs; and in the right position, it also showed 900 lbs. No fuel leaks were found, and there were no signs of fuel on the ground. The pilot reported as a safety recommendation to "always top off fuel."
Factual narrative
The pilot reported that, after takeoff, about 500 ft above the ground he retracted the landing gear and shortly thereafter, the engine sputtered and lost power. He adjusted the fuel mixture, but it did not have any effect. He attempted to return to the airport but noticed he would not make the runway and decided to land in a dirt field near the airport with the landing gear retracted. He recalled having refueled the airplane about a week prior. The pilot further reported that as a safety recommendation to "Always top off fuel." The airplane sustained substantial damage to the fuselage. The Federal Aviation Administration inspector who examined the airplane reported that, upon sumping the center tank and both wing tanks, he was only able to obtain about a cup or two of fuel out of the system. He further checked the fuel gauge; there was only one gauge for the fuel with a single switch which has left, right, and center positions. In the left position, it showed empty, in the center position, which showed total fuel, it read 900 lbs. and on the right position, it also showed 900 lbs. He further added that the mechanic that assisted with the recovery, said there was no fuel leaks and there were no signs of fuel on the ground. He also stated that they did not remove any fuel from the aircraft.
Aircraft
- Registration
- N28CU
- Reported as
- North American T28 (B)
- Category
- Airplane
- Serial number
- 200302
- Built
- 1956
- Airframe hours
- 15,673.9
- Engine
- Wright R-1820-86B, 1,425 horsepower, reciprocating
- Damage
- Substantial damage
- Flight
- Personal · Part 91
- Airworthiness certificate
- Special, Experimental (Special)
- Last inspection
- Condition · September 10, 2018
- Departed
- CVH · Hollister, CA
- Destination
- CVH · Hollister, CA
- Flight plan
- Unknown
- Airport
- CVH · Hollister Muni, runway 31, 6,350 × 100 ft, asphalt
- Equipment
- Electronic primary flight display, Electronic multifunction display, Auto-pilot, Stall warning system, Satellite tracking device
Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.
Flight crew
As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.
- Role
- Pilot
- Age
- 78
- Injuries
- Minor
- Certificate
- Commercial
- Airplane ratings
- Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
- Instrument ratings
- Airplane
- Medical
- Class 3, Without waivers/limitations
- Last flight review
- July 14, 2018
- Seat
- Front
- Restraint
- 4-point
- Flight hours
- 1,653 total · 1,000 in this make and model · 1,610 as pilot in command · 9 in the last 90 days · 7 in the last 30 days · 0.6 in the last 24 hours
Weather
- Conditions
- Visual (VMC) · Day
- Wind
- 250° at 9 knots
- Visibility
- 10 statute miles
- Temperature
- 64 °F, dew point 57 °F
- Altimeter
- 29.94 inHg
- Observed at
- KCVH, 1 nm away
Docket · 4
The files NTSB released with the investigation on October 3, 2019, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 667 KB in all.
FAA reports on this event · 1
The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.