GAA19CA514

NTSB accident investigation · Hughes 269A · Shamokin, PA · August 25, 2019

Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
August 25, 2019, 09:45 local (13:45 UTC)
Place
Shamokin, PA
Injuries
2 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Emergency descent
Aircraft
N653CHHughes 269A
Defining event
Autorotation: Hard landing
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report March 17, 2020
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
General Aviation Accidents
Parties
FAA
Case key
100158

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's improper landing flare during an autorotation, which resulted in a hard landing. Contributing to the accident was a loss of engine power for reasons that could not be determined because postaccident examination revealed no evidence of any preaccident mechanical malfunctions or failures with the helicopter that would have precluded normal operation.

Findings · 3

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotHughes 269A: 9 casesAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: landing flareAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Incorrect use/operationHughes 269A: 1 caseAll aircraft: 1,285 casesProbable cause
Not determinedNot determined › Not determined · Unknown/Not determinedHughes 269A: 1 caseAll aircraft: 2,247 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The helicopter pilot reported that he was being evaluated for a pilot position with a perspective employer, who was an airplane pilot-rated passenger and occupied the right front seat. He was asked to perform an autorotation as part of the evaluation, and while entering the autorotation, he noticed that the rotor and engine needles were split and that the engine tachometer indicated 0 rpm. He believed that the engine had failed. The pilot maintained the rotor rpm in the green and entered a flare about 40 ft above ground level. He attempted to cushion the landing, but the helicopter landed hard. The pilot reported that he could not hear if the engine was running during the flight because he was wearing a noise-canceling headset. The helicopter sustained substantial damage to the horizontal airframe tube cross-member. During postaccident examination of the helicopter, the throttle linkage functioned normally. All spark plugs were removed and examined and exhibited indications of normal combustion. A fuel sample was obtained through the sump valve, and no water or particulate contamination was found. No evidence of any preaccident mechanical malfunctions or failures were found with the helicopter that would have precluded normal operation.

Factual narrative

The helicopter pilot reported that he was being evaluated for a pilot position with a perspective employer, who was a pilot-rated passenger who occupied the right front seat. The pilot in the left seat was asked to perform an autorotation as part of the evaluation, and he complied. During the autorotation entry phase, the pilot noticed that the rotor and engine needles split, and the engine tachometer indicated 0 RPM, and the pilot believed that the engine had failed. The airplane pilot-rated passenger in the right seat, remarked that it was a, "helluva (needle) split." The pilot maintained the rotor RPM in the green and entered the flare about 40ft above the ground. He attempted to cushion the landing, but the helicopter landed hard. When asked during an interview with FAA Aviation Safety Inspectors, the pilot reported that he could not hear if the engine was running because he was wearing a noise canceling headset. The FAA Inspector that performed the post-accident helicopter examination reported that the throttle linkage functioned normally. All spark plugs were removed and examined with indications of normal combustion. A fuel sample was obtained through the sump valve and revealed no indication of water or particulate contamination. According to the FAA Inspector, the wreckage examination failed to identify any discrepancy or malfunction of the airframe, or its components, that would have contributed to the mishap." The helicopter sustained substantial damage to the horizontal airframe tube cross-member.

Aircraft

Registration
N653CH
Reported as
Hughes 269A (No Series)
Category
Helicopter
Serial number
96-0653
Built
1965
Engine
Lycomiing HIO-360, 180 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
Kelley Aviation Consultants Llc
Registered owner
Kelley Aviation Consultants Llc
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Departed
N79 · Shamokin, PA
Destination
N79 · Shamokin, PA
Airport
N79 · Northumberland County, runway 08, 3,297 × 75 ft, asphalt
Equipment
None

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
27
Injuries
None
Certificates
Flight instructor, Commercial, Private
Instrument ratings
Helicopter
Medical
Class 2, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
August 25, 2018
Seat
Left
Restraint
4-point
Flight hours
378 total · 4 in this make and model · 311 as pilot in command · 60 in the last 90 days · 22 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
Calm
Visibility
10 statute miles
Temperature
63 °F, dew point 57 °F
Altimeter
30.30 inHg
Observed at
KSEG, 14 nm away

Docket · 5

The files NTSB released with the investigation on January 17, 2020, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 5.3 MB in all.