IAD98LA091

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna T337G · Windsor Twnship, PA · August 9, 1998

Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
August 9, 1998, 13:38 local (17:38 UTC)
Place
Windsor Twnship, PA
Injuries
4 serious, 1 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N8CXCessna T337G
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report March 31, 2000
Report
Approved by Office Director
FAA report
19980809025759A
Case key
43680

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's mismanagement of the fuel which led to fuel exhaustion and subsequent loss of engine power.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanicalDescent
Fluid,fuel - exhaustion
Fuel management - inadequatePilot in commandCause
Forced landingDescent - emergency
In flight collision with terrain/waterEmergency landing

Analysis

The pilot stated that he was north of Lancaster at an altitude of 8,500 feet, when he requested an IFR clearance to descend below the cloud cover. Once the clearance was received for the descent, he extended the landing gear. While descending through 4,000 feet, the front engine lost power, and within 30 seconds, the rear engine lost power. He recalled that he saw 100 pounds of fuel indicating on both fuel gauges. He stated that he did not raise the landing gear, and because neither of his engines had unfeathering devices, he did not feather either engine. The pilot stated that the controller vectored him to an airport 6 miles away, but when he realized that he was unable to reach it, he executed a forced landing into a cornfield. He further stated that about 10 feet above the field, the right wing dropped, and the airplane impacted the ground in a right wing down, nose down attitude. Examination of the wreckage by a Federal Aviation Administration Inspector did not reveal any pre-impact mechanical malfunctions. The Inspector reported that approximately 2 gallons of fuel were drained from the wreckage. The Pilot's Operating Handbook recovered from the airplane indicated that the total fuel tank capacity was 125 gallons, which included 2 unusable gallons.

Factual narrative

On August 9, 1998, about 1338 Eastern Daylight Time, a Cessna T337G, N8CX, was substantially damaged when it impacted terrain during a forced landing near Windsor Township, Pennsylvania. The certificated private pilot/owner and three passengers received serious injuries, and a fourth passenger received minor injury. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and a visual flight rules (VFR) flight plan was filed for the personal flight conducted under 14 CFR Part 91. The flight originated from the Portland International Jetport (PWM), Portland, Maine, about 1050, and was destined for the Lancaster Airport (LNS), Lancaster, Pennsylvania.

The pilot stated that he was north of Lancaster at an altitude of 8,500 feet, when he requested an IFR clearance to descend below the cloud cover. Once the clearance was received for the descent, he extended the landing gear. While descending through 4,000 feet, the front engine lost power, and within 30 seconds, the rear engine lost power. He recalled that he saw 100 pounds of fuel indicating on both fuel gauges. He stated that he did not raise the landing gear, and because neither of his engines had unfeathering devices, he did not feather either engine. The pilot stated that the controller vectored him to an airport 6 miles away, but when he realized that he was unable to reach it, he executed a forced landing into a cornfield. He further stated that about 10 feet above the field, the right wing dropped, and the airplane impacted the ground in a right wing down, nose down attitude.

Examination of the wreckage by a Federal Aviation Administration Inspector did not reveal any pre-impact mechanical malfunctions. He stated that the fuel caps were intact and secured. There was no fuel streaking around the fuel caps or drain areas, and the fuel tanks had maintained their integrity. The Inspector reported that approximately 2 gallons of fuel were drained from the wreckage. The Pilot's Operating Handbook recovered from the airplane indicated that the total fuel tank capacity was 125 gallons, which includes 2 unusable gallons.

Before departure, the pilot purchased 70 gallons of fuel. He stated that during his preflight check, the fuel was about 2 inches below the lip of the refueling cap, and the needle on both fuel gauges read about 1/8 inch from the full end of the gauge. He estimated that there were 93 gallons of fuel onboard. His VFR flight plan to LNS indicated 2 hours 30 minutes en route, with a total of 4 hours of fuel onboard. The pilot reported, that for flight planning purposes, he utilized a 25 gallons-per-hour consumption rate (both engines).

According to the pilot's written statement, "Fuel exhaustion resulted from an increase in fuel usage from 23 GPH to 32 GPH. The fuel increase is related to returning the front engine from the configuration purchased to the proper configuration per the Continental manual during overhaul." The front engine was overhauled on July 15, 1998.

Aircraft

Registration
N8CX
Reported as
Cessna T337G
Category
Airplane
Serial number
P3370079
Airframe hours
3,126
Engine
Continental TSIO-360-C, 225 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
Gary Poulin, doing business as Skymaster Of Virginia Inc.
Registered owner
Skymaster Of Virginia, Inc.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · July 15, 1998 · 13 hours before
Departed
PWM · Portland, ME
Destination
LNS · Lancaster, PA
Flight plan
VFR

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
53
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 3, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Seat
Left
Flight hours
943 total · 191 in this make and model · 868 as pilot in command · 12 in the last 90 days · 7 in the last 30 days · 2 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
120° at 5 knots
Visibility
15 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
4,000 ft broken
Temperature
82 °F, dew point 68 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg
Observed at
BGR, 17 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.