LAX94LA387

NTSB accident investigation · Hughes 369D · Pacific Ocean (Pacific Ocean) · September 24, 1994

Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
September 23, 1994, 14:30 local (Sep 24, 1994, 00:30 UTC)
Place
Pacific Ocean (Pacific Ocean)
Injuries
2 serious
Damage
Destroyed
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N58400Hughes 369D
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report April 5, 1995
Report
Approved by Office Director
FAA report
19940923038739A
Case key
28880

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

failure of the helicopter's main rotor pitch change link (control rod). The helicopter was not recovered and the Safety Board was unable to determine the pitch change link's failure mode.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Airframe/component/system failure/malfunctionCruise
Rotorcraft flight control,pitch change rod/link - failure,totalCause
Forced landingDescent - emergency
DitchingDescent - emergency
Terrain condition - water,rough

Analysis

The pilot was conducting a fish spotting flight over the Pacific Ocean about 480 feet above the Ocean. The cyclic control began to shake violently in pilot's hand. The pilot regained control of the helicopter and executed an autorotation. During the autorotation, the main rotor blades track was noticed to be above its normal tip path plane. The helicopter landed on its floats and before it sank, the pilot saw the yellow coded pitch change link (control rod) hanging from the swash plate. The helicopter sank into the Ocean and was not recovered.

Factual narrative

On September 23, 1994, at 1430 hours Hawaii standard time, a Hughes 369D, N58400, crashed into the Pacific Ocean about 130 miles southeast of Canton Island. The pilot was conducting a local visual flight rules fish spotting flight. The helicopter, operated by Caribbean Fishing Company, Terminal Island, California, was destroyed and sunk into the ocean. The certificated commercial pilot and his passenger sustained serious injuries. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed. The flight originated near the accident area from a fishing vessel, the Eliza M.

The pilot's attorney reported this accident to the National Transportation Safety Board, Southwest Regional Office, Gardena, California, on November 9, 1994. The attorney said the pilot told him that while flying to a rendezvous point with the Eliza M. at 480 feet above the ocean, the helicopter cyclic control began shaking about its lateral axis. The shaking was so violent it jerked the cyclic from the pilot's hand. The pilot regained control of the helicopter using both hands and immediately executed an autorotation.

During the autorotation, the pilot observed the main rotor disc tip path plane traveling at a higher angle above the horizon for its full forward cyclic position. He also noticed that one rotor blade was higher than the others. The helicopter floated before sinking into the ocean. While floating, the pilot observed the yellow coded pitch change link hanging from the rotating portion of the swash plate with its upper bearing assembly missing.

The pilot repeated the attorney's statement in the National Transportation Safety Board's Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1/2.

Aircraft

Registration
N58400
Reported as
Hughes 369D
Category
Helicopter
Serial number
1200862D
Airframe hours
9,059
Engine
Allison 250-C20B, 250 horsepower, turbo shaft
Damage
Destroyed
Flight
Other work use · Part 91
Operator
Caribbean Fishing Co.
Registered owner
Ferriera, Arthur
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
100 hour · August 26, 1994 · 100 hours before
Destination
PO

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
51
Certificate
Commercial
Instrument ratings
Helicopter
Medical
Class 2, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Seat
Left
Flight hours
8,700 total · 1,000 in this make and model

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
81 °F

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.