LAX97LA141

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 172N · Avalon, CA · April 4, 1997

Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
April 4, 1997, 13:30 local (21:30 UTC)
Place
Avalon, CA
Injuries
2 serious
Damage
Destroyed
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N733CNCessna 172N
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report April 10, 1998
Report
Approved by Office Director
FAA report
19970404004999A
Case key
29759

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's misjudging the airplane's altitude and distance to the runway and an excessive descent rate, which led to an undershoot, and the pilot's failure to maintain an adequate airspeed during the approach. Contributing factors were the pilot's delay in initiating corrective action.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

In flight collision with terrain/waterApproach - vfr pattern - final approach
Terrain condition - rising
Terrain condition - mountainous/hilly
Descent - excessivePilot in commandCause
Distance/altitude - misjudgedPilot in commandCause
Remedial action - delayedPilot in commandFactor
Airspeed - inadequatePilot in commandCause

Analysis

The left seated pilot-in-command was flying the airplane while the right seated passenger, also a pilot, assisted in navigating. The pilot entered the right hand traffic pattern. To the pilot the airplane appeared slightly high turning onto the final approach leg, so full flaps were extended. The airplane descended below the level of the mountain top airport, and the pilot applied full engine power but did not retract the wing flaps. Seconds later the stall warning horn activated, the pilot banked right, and the airplane collided with the side of the cliff within 150 yards of the runway's approach end. A witness, who was awaiting takeoff, observed the approaching airplane. The witness stated that when the airplane was about 1/8 mile from the runway it was flying in a nose high attitude, its speed was slow, its flaps appeared fully extended, and it was very low.

Factual narrative

On April 4, 1997, at 1330 hours Pacific standard time, a Cessna 172N, N733CN, operated by Concord Flight International, Concord, California, collided with terrain on short final approach to runway 22 at the Catalina Airport, Avalon, California. The airplane came to rest in an upside down attitude about 150 yards northwest of the approach end of the runway and was destroyed. The private pilot and the passenger were seriously injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan was filed for the personal flight. The flight originated from Camarillo, California, about 1300.

The left seated pilot-in-command reported having no memory of the accident flight. The right seated passenger, also a private pilot, reported that during the flight he assisted the pilot in navigating. According to the passenger, they entered a right-hand traffic pattern for runway 22. Turning onto the final approach leg, the airplane appeared "a little high." The pilot fully extended the wing flaps and the airplane descended. Moments later, the pilot applied full engine power and banked right. The airplane did not out climb the terrain short of the threshold, the stall horn activated, and the airplane impacted the cliff. No unusual engine sounds or flight control problems were reported.

A witness, who was awaiting takeoff short of the active runway, observed the approaching airplane. The witness stated that when the airplane was about 1/8 mile from the runway it was flying in a nose high attitude, its speed was slow, its flaps appeared fully extended, and it was very low. The witness lost sight of the inbound airplane when it descended below the top of the cliff.

The Federal Aviation Administration coordinator and a representative from the Cessna Aircraft Company responded to the accident site where they examined the airplane. Both participants verbally reported finding no evidence of any preimpact mechanical malfunctions with the airframe or engine.

Aircraft

Registration
N733CN
Reported as
Cessna 172N
Category
Airplane
Serial number
17268192
Airframe hours
5,835
Engine
Lycoming O-320-H2AD, 160 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Destroyed
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
Concord Flight International
Registered owner
Barry H. Bauer
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · January 31, 1997 · 50 hours before
Departed
CMA · Camarillo, CA
Destination
AVX
Airport
AVX · Catalina, runway 22, 3,240 × 100 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
28
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 3, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Seat
Left
Flight hours
286 total · 273 in this make and model · 250 as pilot in command · 3 in the last 90 days · 2 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
230° at 15 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
55 °F, dew point 48 °F
Altimeter
29.00 inHg
Observed at
AVX, 1 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.