LAX98LA164

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-28R-201 · Hollister, CA · May 17, 1998

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
May 16, 1998, 19:00 local (May 17, 1998, 02:00 UTC)
Place
Hollister, CA
Injuries
4 uninjured
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N36574Piper PA-28R-201N4421WBeech 95-B55
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Dawn
Status
Completed · report August 3, 2000
Report
Approved by Office Director
Case key
30090

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The failure of the instructors and dual students in both aircraft to maintain an adequate visual lookout, which resulted in their combined failures to see and avoid each other. Inadequate supervision of the two flights by the respective instructor pilots were factors in the accident.

The failure of the instructors and dual students in both aircraft to maintain an adequate visual lookout, which resulted in their combined failures to see and avoid each other. Inadequate supervision of the two flights by the respective instructor pilots were factors in the accident.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Midair collisionApproach - vfr pattern - downwind
Visual lookout - inadequateFlightcrewCause
Visual lookout - inadequatePilot of other aircraftCause
Supervision - inadequatePilot in command(cfi)Factor
Supervision - inadequatePilot of other aircraftFactor
Midair collisionApproach - vfr pattern - downwind
Visual lookout - inadequateFlightcrewCause
Visual lookout - inadequatePilot of other aircraftCause
Supervision - inadequatePilot in command(cfi)Factor
Supervision - inadequatePilot of other aircraftFactor

Analysis

The Beech 95, N4421W, was turning on the crosswind leg while the Piper PA-28R, N36574 was on the 45 degree angle entering the traffic pattern. The pilots in the Beech stated that prior to takeoff they had heard the Piper radio that they were flying over the airport and would re-enter the pattern on a left 45-degree entry to the active runway. The instructor of the Beech stated that he visually verified the other airplane crossing over the runway. After takeoff the pilot of the Beech airplane requested a position report from the Piper. The Piper pilot stated that they were on the 45 for the downwind. The Beech pilot radioed intentions to turn to the crosswind, but had not located the other airplane. Both instructors saw each other at the same time. The instructor for the Beech took the controls, while the student in the Piper retained control of the aircraft as both initiated evasive actions to maneuver away from each other. The left wing tips of both aircraft collided with each other. Both aircraft landed without further incident at the accident airport.

The Beech 95, N4421W, was turning on the crosswind leg while the Piper PA-28R, N36574 was on the 45 degree angle entering the traffic pattern. The pilots in the Beech stated that prior to takeoff they had heard the Piper radio that they were flying over the airport and would re-enter the pattern on a left 45-degree entry to the active runway. The instructor of the Beech stated that he visually verified the other airplane crossing over the runway. After takeoff the pilot of the Beech airplane requested a position report from the Piper. The Piper pilot stated that they were on the 45 for the downwind. The Beech pilot radioed intentions to turn to the crosswind, but had not located the other airplane. Both instructors saw each other at the same time. The instructor for the Beech took the controls, while the student in the Piper retained control of the aircraft as both initiated evasive actions to maneuver away from each other. The left wing tips of both aircraft collided with each other. Both aircraft landed without further incident at the accident airport.

Factual narrative

See narrative for LAX98LA164A

On May 16, 1998, at 1900 hours Pacific daylight time, a Piper PA-28R-201, N36574, collided with a Beech 95-B55, N4421W, while entering the traffic pattern at the Hollister, California, airport. The Beech was in the traffic pattern turning from crosswind to downwind at the time of the collision. Both aircraft were operated by California In Nice, Inc., of San Jose, California, under 14 CFR Part 91 as instructional flights. Both aircraft sustained substantial damage to their left wings and were able to land without further incident. The flight instructors and private pilots in their respective aircraft were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions existed for the instructional flights and no flight plans were filed.

The instructor pilot in N4421W stated that this was an instructional flight that had departed the Reid-Hillview airport in San Jose at 1800 the day of the accident. The purpose of the flight was to conduct high altitude maneuvers followed by traffic pattern procedures at the accident airport.

Both the instructor and private pilot of N4421W stated that they heard N36574 radio that they were passing over the airport. The instructor visually confirmed that N36574 had flown overhead. N4421W then reported that they were taking the active runway for left closed traffic. After taxiing to the active runway, the instructor radioed traffic that they were on the takeoff roll. Both the instructor and private pilot stated that on the upwind leg, they heard N36574 announce that they were on a 45-degree entry for runway 24.

The instructor stated that he looked for the traffic. At 700 feet above ground level (agl) the student turned crosswind, and he announced that fact on the radio. After turning on to the crosswind leg, the instructor still had not found N36574 yet, and he was still looking. Before turning to the downwind leg, the instructor attempted to contact N36574, but received no response. As the student was turning to the downwind, the instructor saw N36574 and he took the controls for evasive maneuver to avoid the other airplane. The instructor stated that the other airplane appeared to be just underneath the right wing of his airplane.

Both the instructor and student felt a "bump" and he leveled the wings and noticed damage to the left wing. They made a mayday call and successfully landed on the runway.

The instructor pilot and private pilot in N36574 stated that they had taken off from Reid-Hillview at 1825 for an aircraft checkout combined with recurrent training, including high altitude work and traffic pattern procedures. After completing the high altitude work, both pilots decided to practice traffic pattern procedures at the accident airport. Approximately 5 miles from the airport, the private pilot radioed for airport advisories on the UNICOM frequency. He received an advisory, which stated that the winds were favoring runway 24 with left traffic. The student stated that he repeated the information and radioed his intention to cross over the airport and re-enter the pattern on a left 45-degree entry.

The instructor reported that prior to turning inbound for the 45-degree entry, the pilots in N4421W radioed that they were on the takeoff roll and would remain in the pattern. The instructor stated that he attempted to locate them from their current position, but was unable to see the approach end of runway 24 or N4421W. He stated that his view was obstructed by a building, so he returned his attention to the cockpit to monitor the student's cockpit procedures.

The student then radioed that he had turned inbound for entry on the 45. Both pilots still were unable to locate N4421W. The instructor stated that the pilot of N4421W asked for their current position. He stated that the student reported that they were on the 45 for the downwind.

The instructor stated that after that call was made, he saw N4421W at their 10 o'clock position and his student made a turn southbound to avoid the other airplane. Subsequently, there was a corresponding bump and noise of the two airplanes colliding. The student said that he informed the instructor that they had been hit, and he leveled the airplane on a southeast heading. Following an assessment of the damage, the instructor assumed control and landed the airplane after N4421W without further incident.

Aircraft · 2

Registration
N36574
Reported as
Piper PA-28R-201
Category
Airplane
Serial number
28R-7837284
Airframe hours
7,626
Engine
Lycoming IO-360-C1C6, 200 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Instructional · Part 91
Registered owner
California In Nice Inc.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · April 15, 1998 · 40 hours before
Departed
RHV · San Jose, CA
Destination
3O7
Airport
3O7 · Hollister Muni, runway 24, 3,150 × 100 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Registration
N4421W
Reported as
Beech 95-B55
Category
Airplane
Serial number
TC-1144
Airframe hours
5,632
Engine
Continental IO-470-L, 260 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Instructional · Part 91
Registered owner
California In Nice Inc.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · April 23, 1998 · 6 hours before
Departed
3O7
Destination
RHV · San Jose, CA
Airport
3O7 · Hollister Muni, runway 24, 3,150 × 100 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot, aircraft N36574
Age
31
Certificates
Commercial, Flight instructor
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, Valid Medical--no waivers/lim.
Seat
Right
Flight hours
363 total · 36 in this make and model · 298 as pilot in command · 46 in the last 90 days · 31 in the last 30 days · 3 in the last 24 hours
Role
Pilot, aircraft N4421W
Age
34
Certificates
Commercial, Flight instructor
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Seat
Right
Flight hours
967 total · 47 in this make and model · 896 as pilot in command · 72 in the last 90 days · 33 in the last 30 days · 3 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Dawn
Wind
270° at 10 knots
Visibility
50 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
57 °F, dew point 43 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg
Observed at
SNS, 9 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 2

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.