LAX98LA172

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-28-161 · Half Moon Bay, CA · May 23, 1998

Accident · FatalLimited investigationFinal report
Date
May 22, 1998, 21:07 local (May 23, 1998, 04:07 UTC)
Place
Half Moon Bay, CA
Injuries
4 fatal
Damage
Destroyed
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N2480QPiper PA-28-161
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Night/dark
Status
Completed · report February 15, 2001
Report
Approved by Office Director
FAA report
19980522046479A
Case key
30097

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The non-instrument rated pilot's loss of aircraft control due to spatial disorientation in dark night conditions.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Loss of control - in flightClimb
Light condition - dark nightFactor
Aircraft control - not maintainedPilot in commandCause
Spatial disorientationPilot in commandFactor
In flight collision with terrain/waterDescent - uncontrolled
Terrain condition - water

Analysis

The non-instrument rated pilot rented the aircraft and was to return the it that evening. A pilot-witness recognized the accident aircraft parked on the ramp and reported that the aircraft was no longer there at 2130 when he departed. The pilot-witness stated that the weather conditions were 1,200 feet overcast, with tops at 2,500 feet, and a very dark night. Radar data disclosed a 1200 code secondary beacon at a mode C reported altitude of 300 feet just off the north end of the runway at 2103:03. The next 12 beacon returns depicted a climbing left downwind departure that achieved an altitude of 1,700 feet. The final return displayed a 900-foot altitude at 2106:03. Several ground witnesses located on the shore south of the airport reported they heard an approaching plane and saw it flying low northbound along the beach just after 2100. They could not see the color of the aircraft, but could see the lights on its wings. The witnesses stated that the engine made a sputtering sound. The airplane continued north and began to climb. They heard a high pitched whining sound and the plane rolled left and out of their sight. The witnesses then reported that they heard a loud crash. The next day, a fisherman pulled aboard a seat that was determined to be from a Piper PA-28. Fragmented human remains were found by search units washed up on shore, with articles of clothing identified by family members as belonging to the pilot. A wallet containing identification from one of the passengers was also later found on the beach.

Factual narrative

On May 22, 1998, at 2107 hours Pacific daylight time, a Piper PA-28-161, N2480Q, descended into the Pacific ocean after takeoff from the Half Moon Bay, California, airport. The aircraft was destroyed, and the private pilot and three passengers all suffered fatal injuries. The personal flight originated from the Reid-Hillview Airport in San Jose, California, at 1850, and stopped at Half Moon Bay. No flight plan was filed. A pilot-witness who departed from the airport about 30 minutes after the accident aircraft reported the weather conditions as 1,200 feet overcast, with tops at 2,500 feet. The witness also noted that it was a very dark night with only a 10 percent moon illumination.

The pilot rented the aircraft from Inbound Aviation at the Reid-Hillview airport, and was to return the aircraft that evening. About 1930, the pilot-witness reported seeing the accident aircraft parked on the ramp at the Half Moon Bay airport when he arrived from San Jose. He stated that he recognized the aircraft as one operated by Inbound Aviation. He further reported that the aircraft was no longer there at 2130 when he departed for San Jose. Employees of a restaurant in Half Moon Bay reported serving four men who matched the descriptions of the men believed to have been onboard the accident aircraft.

Several ground witnesses were located on the shore south of the airport just after 2100, and reported that they heard an approaching plane and saw it flying low northbound along the beach. They all said that they could not see what color the plane was, but could see the lights on its wings. The witnesses stated that the engine made a sputtering sound. The airplane continued north and began to climb. The engine made a high pitched whining sound and the plane rolled left and out of their sight. The witnesses then reported they heard a loud crash. They were unable to tell if the aircraft had hit the ocean or land, but were sure that the plane had crashed.

The owner of the aircraft issued an ALNOT on March 23, 1998, when he found it missing from the ramp. On that same day, a fisherman in Half Moon Bay pulled aboard a seat that was determined to be from a Piper PA-28. Fragmented human remains were found by search units washed up on shore, with articles of clothing identified by family members as belonging to the pilot. A wallet containing identification from one of the passengers was also later found on the beach.

Radar data was retrieved from the Oakland Air Traffic Control Center (ARTCC). Review of the data disclosed a 1200 code secondary beacon at a mode C reported altitude of 300 feet just off the north end of the Half Moon Bay runway at 2103:03. The next 12 beacon returns depicted a climbing left downwind departure that achieved a mode C reported altitude of 1,700 feet. The next and final return displayed a 900-foot altitude at 2106:03.

A friend of the pilot reported to the San Mateo County Sheriff's office that she had spoken with the pilot approximately 1645 on the day of the accident. He told her that he was going to fly his "normal route" to Half Moon Bay at 1800, and would be home at approximately 2100. The pilot was supposed to telephone her upon his return; however, she did not hear from the pilot again.

The pilot held a private pilot certificate with a single engine land rating. He possessed a third-class medical dated March 10, 1997. According to the Federal Aviation Administration Airman database, none of the other three passengers possessed pilot certificates.

Aircraft

Registration
N2480Q
Reported as
Piper PA-28-161
Category
Airplane
Serial number
28-8516067
Airframe hours
7,379
Engine
Lycoming O-320-D3G, 160 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Destroyed
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
Inbound Aviation
Registered owner
Gregory Marconet
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
100 hour · May 13, 1998 · 2 hours before
Departed
HAF · Half Moon Bay, CA
Destination
RHV · San Jose, CA
Airport
HAF · Half Moon Bay, runway 30, 5,000 × 150 ft

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
36
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, Valid Medical--no waivers/lim.
Seat
Left
Flight hours
155 total · 31 in this make and model

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Night/dark
Wind
260° at 19 knots, gusting 26
Visibility
5 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
1,200 ft overcast
Temperature
55 °F, dew point 52 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.