MIA94LA074

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 172K · Culebra, PR · February 16, 1994

Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
February 15, 1994, 22:40 local (Feb 16, 1994, 02:40 UTC)
Place
Culebra, PR
Injuries
1 serious, 1 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Landing
Aircraft
N79401Cessna 172K
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Night/dark
Status
Completed · report November 18, 1994
Report
Approved by Office Director
FAA report
19940215002369A
Case key
37495

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The failure of the pilot-in-command(CFI) to initiate a go-around after encountering severe turbulence during landing flare and his decision to raise the flaps and reduce engine power to idle after directional control was lost resulting in the aircraft colliding with a house.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

In flight encounter with weatherLanding - flare/touchdown
Weather condition - unfavorable wind
Loss of control - in flightLanding - flare/touchdown
Go-around - not performedPilot in command(cfi)Cause
Raising of flaps - prematurePilot in command(cfi)Cause
Throttle/power control - reducedPilot in command(cfi)Cause
In flight collision with objectDescent - uncontrolled

Analysis

While performing a downwind landing into rising terrain at night the pilot-in-command (CFI) was flying the aircraft. As he flared for landing the aircraft encountered severe turbulence. Control was regained and another landing flare was initiated. The aircraft again encountered severe turbulence and directional control was lost. The aircraft veered to the left over buildings and electrical wires and crashed into a house. As the aircraft veered out of control the pilot-in-command raised the flaps and reduced the throttle to the idle position.

Factual narrative

On February 15, 1994, at 2240 Atlantic standard time, a Cessna 172K, N79401, registered to Sugarbush Air Services, Inc., crashed into a house near the Culebra Airport, Culebra, Puerto Rico, while on a 14 CFR Part 91, instructional flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time and no flight plan was filed. The aircraft was destroyed and the commercial- rated pilot flight instructor received minor injuries. The dual student received serious injuries. The flight originated at Culebra, Puerto Rico, on February 15, 1994, at 2030.

The flight instructor stated that he was flying the aircraft at the time of the accident. Enroute from Isla Grande Airport, where they had performed takeoffs and landings, he obtained the current San Juan weather and the St. Thomas weather. The winds were reported to be easterly at 10 knots. He elected to perform a downwind landing on runway 31, due to rising terrain northwest of the airport. As they flared for landing they encountered "two successive severe blasts" from the right. They regained control and continued the landing flare. They again encountered a "blast" of air from the right. The aircraft was lifted 60 to 80 feet into the air and moved to the left over buildings, wires, and across a road where it collided with a house. As the aircraft flew out of control he raised the flaps and moved the throttle to the idle position.

Aircraft

Registration
N79401
Reported as
Cessna 172K
Category
Airplane
Serial number
17258052
Engine
Lycoming O-320-E2D, 150 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Instructional · Part 91
Registered owner
Macone, John C.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Utility; Standard, Normal
Last inspection
100 hour · January 20, 1994 · 42 hours before
Departed
SJU · San Juan, PR
Airport
TJCP · Culebra, runway 31, 2,600 × 35 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
64
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine sea, Multi-engine land, Multi-engine sea, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Seat
Right
Flight hours
13,318 total · 2,600 in this make and model · 10,222 as pilot in command · 67 in the last 90 days · 24 in the last 30 days · 4 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Night/dark
Wind
60° at 12 knots
Visibility
13 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
75 °F, dew point 70 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg
Observed at
SJU, 50 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.