NYC04LA067

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 421 · Ravenna, OH · January 14, 2004

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
January 14, 2004, 17:30 local (22:30 UTC)
Place
Ravenna, OH
Injuries
5 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N300FBCessna 421
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Dusk
Status
Completed · report June 8, 2005
Report
Approved by Office Director
Parties
FAA/FSDO
FAA report
20040114006359A
Case key
58738

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's failure to maintain airspeed, which resulted in an inadvertent stall and subsequent hard landing. A factor in the accident was degraded aircraft performance due to the airframe ice accumulation.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

In flight encounter with weatherApproach
Weather condition - icing conditionsFactor
Airframe - iceFactor
Loss of control - in flightLanding - flare/touchdown
Airspeed - not maintainedPilot in commandCause
Aircraft performance - deterioratedFactor
Stall/mush - inadvertentPilot in command
Hard landingLanding - flare/touchdown

Analysis

According to the pilot, the airplane encountered icing while flying in and out of the clouds, and as he performed a visual approach to the airport, a layer of ice had accumulated on the windshield. The pilot flew three approaches to the runway, attempting to "line up with the final," as well as clear ice off the windshield. During the third attempt, as the pilot flared to land, the co-pilot stated, "I have the flaps," and extended the flaps to the full position. Several seconds later, the airplane "stalled," at an altitude of 10 feet, and touched down hard on the runway.

Factual narrative

On January 14, 2004, at 1730 eastern standard time, a Cessna 421, N300FB, was substantially damaged while landing at the Portage County Airport (29G), Ravenna, Ohio. The certificated commercial pilot (pilot in command), airline transport co-pilot, and three passengers were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and an instrument flight rules (IFR) flight plan was filed for the flight which originated at the Kalamazoo/Battle Creek International Airport (AZO), Kalamazoo, Michigan. The executive/corporate flight was conducted under 14 CFR Part 91.

According to the pilot in command, the airplane encountered icing while flying in and out of the clouds en route to Ravenna. The airplane descended out of the clouds and a visual approach to Ravenna was performed; however, a layer of ice had accumulated on the windshield. The pilot flew three approaches to the runway, attempting to "line up with the final," as well as clear ice off the windshield. During the third attempt, as the pilot flared to land, the co-pilot stated, "I have the flaps," and extended the flaps to the full position. Several seconds later, the airplane "stalled," at an altitude of 10 feet, and touched down hard on the runway.

According to the co-pilot, the airplane had "built up ice" en route to Ravenna, and the visibility through the windshield was limited. While on final approach, the left wing "stalled," and the airplane "fell out of the sky," landing hard on the runway. He additionally reported that he may have extended the flaps on short final, so that the pilot could concentrate on flying the airplane.

Examination of the airplane by a Federal Aviation Administration inspector revealed substantial damage to the fuselage. Additionally, the left wing de-icing boot contained tears along its leading edge.

Weather reported at Akron Fulton International Airport, 14 miles to the southwest, at 1743, included wind from 190 degrees at 7 knots, 1-3/4 miles visibility with light snow and mist, scattered clouds at 1,700 feet, overcast clouds at 3,600 feet, temperature 28 degrees Fahrenheit, and dew point 25 degrees Fahrenheit.

Aircraft

Registration
N300FB
Reported as
Cessna 421
Category
Airplane
Serial number
421B0893
Engines
Continental TSIO-520, 300 horsepower, reciprocatingContinental TSIO-520, 300 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Executive/Corporate · Part 91
Operator
Nicholas Pate
Registered owner
Gerald Stephens
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Departed
AZO · Battle Creek, MI
Destination
29G · Ravenna, OH
Flight plan
IFR
Airport
29G · Portage County Airport, runway 27, 3,500 × 75 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
25
Injuries
None
Certificates
Flight instructor, Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, Valid Medical--no waivers/lim.
Last flight review
November 20, 2003
Seat
Left
Flight hours
884 total · 45 in this make and model · 700 as pilot in command · 0 in the last 90 days · 0 in the last 30 days · 0 in the last 24 hours
Role
Co-pilot
Age
64
Injuries
None
Certificates
Airline transport, Flight instructor
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Helicopter, Airplane
Medical
Class 2, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Seat
Right
Flight hours
15,000 total

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Dusk
Wind
190° at 7 knots
Visibility
1.75 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
3,600 ft overcast
Temperature
28 °F, dew point 25 °F
Altimeter
29.60 inHg
Observed at
AKR, 14 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.