NYC94LA132

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 172N · Chatham, MA · July 21, 1994

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
July 21, 1994, 10:30 local (14:30 UTC)
Place
Chatham, MA
Injuries
1 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Initial climb
Aircraft
N76090Cessna 172N
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report January 3, 1995
Report
Approved by Office Director
FAA report
19940721018929A
Case key
38796

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's failure to see and avoid the birds. The presence of the birds at the airport was a contributing factor.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

In flight collision with objectTakeoff - initial climb
Object - bird(s)Factor
Visual lookout - inadequatePilot in commandCause
Forced landingEmergency landing after takeoff
Aborted takeoff - performedPilot in command
On ground/water collision with objectLanding - roll
Object - fence

Analysis

The pilot taxied the airplane out of the parking ramp onto the parallel taxiway, and taxied to the runup area in preparation for takeoff. The airplane was positioned on the runway, and the takeoff roll was initiated. The opposite end of the runway could not be seen at the beginning of the takeoff roll, due to a 'hump' near the center of the runway. Shortly after liftoff, the pilot observed birds rising from the opposite end of the runway. The airplane collided with the birds and the pilot aborted the takeoff. The airplane glided past the end of the runway, touched down on a downhill slope, and collided with a chain linked fence. Birds were known to flock to this airport, and the airport had publicized that birds are in the vicinity of the runway in several publications. The area that the birds flock to, and both ends of the runway, are visible when taxiing out of the parking ramp. A witness was able to observed the birds on the runway from the parking ramp.

Factual narrative

On July 21, 1994, at 1030 eastern daylight time, a Cessna 172N, N76090, operated by the Saratoga Flying Club and piloted by Paul Pugh, was substantially damaged during a forced landing after an aborted takeoff at the Chatham Airport, Chatham, Massachusetts. The pilot was not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan had been filed for the flight operating under 14 CFR 91.

In the NTSB Form 6120.1/2, the pilot stated:

"...I taxied down the taxi way to the run-up area...While taxing I could not see the seagulls on the runway...Shortly after takeoff (30 to 40 feet) I saw that I was about to fly over a large flock of seagulls that covered a section of the runway... They [seagulls] flew up into my plane. There were multiple impacts of birds. I decided to abort the takeoff and tried to land back on the runway. I couldn't get back down on the runway before it ended. About 100 feet past the end of the runway there is a valley and the airport perimeter fence. The nose wheel of the plane struck the ground just before hitting the fence..."

A witness at the airport stated:

"...I was standing near the main airport building at about the middle of the runway...There is a small crest at the middle of the runway. Just past the crest, standing on the runway, was a flock of seagulls, about 40 birds. The white plane took off just before the crest. At the same time the flock of gulls took off. The plane was about 10 feet in the air when it hit the flock...The plane stayed about 5 feet off the runway, I don't believe it ever touched the runway...it passed the end of the runway then it disappeared behind some bushes..."

In an interview with airport personnel, they stated that when an aircraft is in position for takeoff at either end of the runway, the opposite ends are not visible. The "hump" in the runway is located in the vicinity of where the parking ramp exits to the parallel taxiway. From the intersection of the ramp exit, and the parallel taxiway, both ends of the runway are visible. Birds on the runway are also visible from this position.

Birds in the vicinity of the runway, are mentioned in the Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA) Directory, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Airport Facility Directory, and in the Military Visual Flight Rules (VFR)- Supplement.

Aircraft

Registration
N76090
Reported as
Cessna 172N
Category
Airplane
Serial number
17268120
Airframe hours
4,558
Engine
Lycoming O-320-H2AD, 160 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Registered owner
Saratoga Flying Club
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · February 26, 1994 · 100 hours before
Destination
BDL · Windsor Locks, CT
Airport
CQX · Chatham, runway 24, 3,500 × 100 ft, concrete

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
47
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Seat
Left
Flight hours
277 total · 222 in this make and model · 247 as pilot in command · 9 in the last 90 days · 8 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
220° at 15 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
84 °F, dew point 75 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg
Observed at
HYA, 10 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.