NYC94LA139

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 172A · Block Island, RI · July 26, 1994

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
July 25, 1994, 22:15 local (Jul 26, 1994, 02:15 UTC)
Place
Block Island, RI
Injuries
4 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Initial climb
Aircraft
N5647ACessna 172A
Weather
Night/dark
Status
Completed · report October 13, 1995
Report
Approved by Office Director
Case key
38801

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's improper decision to initiate VFR flight into instrument meteorological conditions. The dark night light conditions and the fog were contributing factors.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

In flight collision with objectTakeoff - initial climb
Object - tree(s)
Weather condition - fogFactor
Light condition - nightFactor
Planning/decision - inadequatePilot in commandCause
Vfr flight into imc - initiatedPilot in commandCause
Clearance - not maintainedPilot in commandCause
Aircraft weight and balance - exceededPilot in command

Analysis

The airplane collided with trees shortly after a night takeoff from runway 28, which is 2501 feet long. The non-instrument rated private pilot reported a 60 to 100 foot thick fog prevailed at the airport. The pilot initiated takeoff with the flaps set at 10 degrees. He indicated the engine tachometer did not exceed 2300 rpm and the venturi operated attitude indicator did not 'come up' during the takeoff roll. He climbed at 65 knots and then raised the flaps when he realized the airplane lacked climb performance. He noticed trees in his path, which he was unable to outclimb. He pitched the airplane up and struck trees with the tail of the airplane. A witness and one of the passengers reported there was heavy fog during the takeoff. FAA examination of the airplane did not reveal evidence of mechanical malfunction. The airplane was estimated to be 75 pounds over gross weight.

Factual narrative

On July 25, 1994 about 2215 eastern daylight time, N5647A, a Cessna 172 airplane, a personal flight, collided with trees during the initial takeoff climb from runway 28 at Block Island State Airport, Rhode Island. The non-instrument rated private pilot and three passengers received minor injuries. The airplane was substantially damaged. Instrument meteorological conditions existed, and no flight plan was filed. The destination was Windsor Locks, Connecticut. The flight was operated under 14 CFR Part 91.

According to the pilot's statement, "Fog layer was by my estimate to be approximately 100 to 200 feet . . . I climbed out with a half-tank of fuel and four people at 60 mph indicated, and just did not have enough performance . . . The next thing I knew I saw bushes in front. I pulled back to lessen the impact and tried to hit the tail first. The airplane spun approximately 180 degrees after impact."

During an interview with the FAA, the pilot reported that the fog at the airport was about 60 to 100 feet thick. He indicated that after takeoff, the vaccum gage didn't seem to work right and that because of the lack of climbing performance, he raised the flaps, which were set at 10 degrees.

None of the passengers reported a problem with the airplane during the takeoff. One passenger reported the takeoff occurred in heavy fog.

A witness reported heavy fog at the time of the accident. He stated the airplane took off, went into the fog, and disappeared. Shortly thereafter he heard the airplane land into trees (beyond the runway end).

The FAA examination of the airplane revealed no mechanical malfunctions. The propeller blades were curled. The aircraft estimated to be about 75 pounds over gross weight.

Aircraft

Registration
N5647A
Reported as
Cessna 172A
Category
Airplane
Serial number
28247
Airframe hours
2,517
Engine
Continental O-300B, 145 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Registered owner
Edward Grant
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · September 9, 1993 · 150 hours before
Departed
BID · Block Island, RI
Destination
BDL · Windsor Locks, CT
Airport
BID · Block Island State, runway 28, 2,501 × 100 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
31
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land
Medical
Class 3, Valid Medical--no waivers/lim.
Seat
Left
Flight hours
1,200 total · 300 in this make and model · 1,000 as pilot in command

Weather

Conditions
Night/dark
Visibility
0.25 statute miles
Temperature
70 °F, dew point 72 °F
Altimeter
29.00 inHg