NYC95LA010

NTSB accident investigation · Boeing Stearman PT-17 · Fitchburg, MA · October 15, 1994

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
October 15, 1994, 11:55 local (15:55 UTC)
Place
Fitchburg, MA
Injuries
2 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Landing
Aircraft
N4923NBoeing Stearman PT-17
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report April 5, 1995
Report
Approved by Office Director
FAA report
19941015034959A
Case key
38886

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's failure to adequately compensate for the crosswind condition during landing, which resulted in a ground loop and the subsequent wing tip collision with the runway.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Loss of control - on ground/waterLanding - roll
Weather condition - crosswind
Compensation for wind conditions - inadequatePilot in command(cfi)Cause
Ground loop/swerve - inadvertentPilot in command(cfi)
On ground/water encounter with terrain/waterLanding - roll
Airport facilities,runway/landing area condition - runway
Wing,wingtip - buckled

Analysis

A certified flight instructor (CFI), and the 26 hour student pilot/owner of the airplane, departed in the airplane for a local training flight. According to the CFI, 'during the landing, touch down was approximately one thousand feet from the approach end of runway 32. A sudden gust of wind came from the right; I applied hard left rudder and brake with no effect, during this time the left wing tip struck the pavement. The plane left the runway onto the turf; there, with the left brake locked, the loop halted, but the nose slowly tipped down.' The CFI reported 'the entire incident took place at slow speed, apparently too slow for the flight control to have any countering effect.'

Factual narrative

On October 15, 1994, at 1155 eastern daylight time, a Boeing Stearman PT-17, N4923N, owned by Joseph E. Innamorati and piloted by Richard F. Cable, a certified flight instructor (CFI), was substantially damaged during a ground loop at the Fitchburg Municipal Airport (FIT), Fitchburg, Massachusetts. The flight instructor and student pilot were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan had been filed for the flight operating under 14 CFR 91.

The 74 year old CFI was giving flight instruction in N4923N, to the owner and non-rated 69 year old student pilot, Mr. Joseph Innamorati. In the NTSB Form 6120.1/2, the CFI stated that he and the owner departed the Sterling Airport, Sterling Massachusetts for a local flight. During the flight they decided to practice takeoff and landings at FIT, and the CFI made the first approach. The CFI further stated:

"...During the first landing, touch down was approximately one thousand feet from the approach end of runway 32. A sudden gust of wind came from the right; I applied hard left rudder and brake with no effect, during this time the left wing tip struck the pavement. The plane left the runway onto the turf; there with the left brake locked, the loop halted, but the nose slowly tipped down..."

The CFI had accumulated approximately 19,500 hours of flight experience, with about 250 hours in make and model. The winds at an airport nearby were reported to be from 060 degrees at 10 knots.

Aircraft

Registration
N4923N
Reported as
Boeing Stearman PT-17
Category
Airplane
Serial number
75-8216
Airframe hours
5,144
Engine
Continental W670-6A, 220 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Instructional · Part 91
Registered owner
Joseph E. Innamorati
Airworthiness certificate
Special, Provisional (Special); Standard, Aerobatic; Standard, Utility
Last inspection
Annual · April 25, 1994 · 94 hours before
Departed
3B3 · Sterling, MA
Destination
FIT
Airport
FIT · Fitchburg Municipal, runway 32, 4,511 × 100 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
75
Certificates
Airline transport, Commercial, Flight instructor
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Seat
Front
Flight hours
19,495 total · 250 in this make and model · 16,700 as pilot in command · 70 in the last 90 days · 8 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
60° at 10 knots
Visibility
40 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
48 °F, dew point 27 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg
Observed at
ORH, 19 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.

Other investigations on N4923N · 1

Matched to the same aircraft by N-number and date.