NYC95LA229

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-28-151 · Warminster, PA · September 29, 1995

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
September 29, 1995, 19:30 local (23:30 UTC)
Place
Warminster, PA
Injuries
4 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N33330Piper PA-28-151
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Night/dark
Status
Completed · report December 16, 1996
Report
Approved by Office Director
FAA report
19950929044739A
Case key
39056

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

the pilot's improper positioning of the fuel selector which resulted in a total loss of engine power due to fuel starvation. A contributing factor was pilot distraction.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Loss of engine power(partial) - mech failure/malfApproach - vfr pattern - final approach
Fuel system - starvationCause
Fuel tank selector position - improperPilot in commandCause
Diverted attentionPilot in commandFactor
Forced landingEmergency landing
Nose overEmergency landing
Light condition - dark night
Terrain condition - soft

Analysis

The pilot stated that during the approach and landing check list, he was distracted by a sick passenger and did not select the fullest fuel tank (right tank) and turn the electric fuel pump on. '...about one half mile from the [runway]...I applied power to arrest my descent rate. There was no power....I immediately went through engine failure procedures....I discovered the fuel starvation or loss of engine power condition too late and too low to accurately assess its cause and solution before crash landing...just off the approach end of runway 27....it was very dark beneath us in the field....we slowly tumbled over after landing on the soft filed.' Postaccident examination revealed no fuel remaining in the left tank, 13 gallons of fuel in the right tank and the fuel selector selected to the right tank.

Factual narrative

On September 29, 1995, about 1930 eastern daylight time, a Piper PA-28-151, N33330, was substantially damaged, when it collided with terrain, during a forced landing at the Warminster Airport, Warminster, Pennsylvania. The commercial pilot and three passengers were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the personal flight operated by the Warminster Navy Flying Club. No flight plan was filed for the local flight conducted under 14 CFR Part 91.

In the NTSB form 6120.1/2, the pilot stated:

...With runway 27's approach lights flashing directly ahead of the aircraft, and at about one half mile from the numbers [runway], I sensed the aircraft was sinking and applied power to arrest my descent rate. There was no power. I immediately went through engine failure procedures on the front panel, very rushed, since I could already see the trees directly in front of the windscreen....I discovered the fuel starvation or loss of engine power condition too late and too low to accurately assess its cause and solution before crash landing into the Navy's plowed field, just off the approach end of runway 27....It was very dark beneath us in the field....We slowly tumbled over after landing on the soft field....

In a report submitted by the Warminster Navy Flying Club, it stated:

...During the approach back into Warminster and while on downwind, the [pilot] performed the approach and landing checklist but did not select the fullest tank (right tank) and turn on the electric fuel pump. [The pilot] later stated that he was rushed and pre-occupied with a non-communicative rear passenger who was possibly getting air sick....while on final approach, the engine quit due to fuel starvation....[The pilot] executed engine failure procedures, selected the fullest tank (right tank) but did not energize the [fuel] boost pump. The engine did not start....Initial investigation of the wreckage found zero fuel remaining in the left wing tank and 13 gallons in the right wing tank. Visual inspection of the cockpit revealed the right fuel tank selected, throttle open, mixture rich, [fuel] boost pump off and all circuit beakers in....

Additionally, the pilot stated that there were no mechanical malfunctions or failures.

Aircraft

Registration
N33330
Reported as
Piper PA-28-151
Category
Airplane
Serial number
28-7515294
Engine
Lycoming O-320-E3D, 150 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Registered owner
Warminster Flying Club
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Departed
NPJ
Airport
NJP · Warminster, runway 27, 8,002 × 200 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
35
Certificate
Commercial
Medical
Class 2, Valid Medical--no waivers/lim.
Seat
Left
Flight hours
315 total · 51 in this make and model · 218 as pilot in command · 7 in the last 90 days · 4 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Night/dark
Wind
Calm
Visibility
20 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
66 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.