NYC97LA131

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 172P · Tioga, PA · June 30, 1997

Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
June 30, 1997, 17:30 local (21:30 UTC)
Place
Tioga, PA
Injuries
1 minor, 3 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N97613Cessna 172P
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report April 24, 1998
Report
Approved by Office Director
FAA report
19970630016349A
Case key
39390

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The pilot's improper inflight decision to land downwind with an inoperative airspeed indicator, and his improper landing flare.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Airframe/component/system failure/malfunctionCruise
Pitot/static system - obstructedFactor
Aircraft preflight - inadequatePilot in commandFactor
Hard landingLanding - flare/touchdown
Flight/nav instruments,airspeed indicator - inoperativeFactor
Weather condition - tailwindFactor
In-flight planning/decision - improperPilot in commandCause
Flare - improperPilot in commandCause
Nose gear collapsedLanding - flare/touchdown
Nose overLanding - roll

Analysis

After takeoff, the airspeed indicator failed, and the pilot diverted to another airport. The pilot removed mud from the pitot tube and refueled the airplane. He then departed with the passengers to return to the original point of departure, and while en route the airspeed indicator failed again. According to the pilot, '...As (the destination) has 50ft obstacle on one end, I elected to land downwind...I made a low and as slow an approach...Upon landing I found I was too fast and applied full brakes on uneven terrain. Front wheel broke off and I held the airplane up...When the front came down, the gear post dug into the strip and the aircraft flipped on it's back...' Examination of the airplane and the grass airstrip revealed that the airplane touched down on the first one-third of the runway. The airplane bounced and touched down about 1,000 feet from the approach end of the runway. It then became airborne again, touched down 500 feet later, and the nose wheel dug into the dirt and the airplane nosed over.

Factual narrative

On June 30, 1997, at 1730 eastern daylight time, a Cessna 172P, N97613, was substantially damaged during a hard landing at the Bear Crik Airstrip (42PA), Tioga, Pennsylvania. The certificated private pilot and two passengers were not injured, while a third passenger received minor injuries. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the personal flight that departed Wellsboro, Pennsylvania, about 1715. No flight plan had been filed for the flight conducted under 14 CFR Part 91.

In the NTSB Form 6120.1/2, the pilot stated that he departed 42PA with three passengers for a local flight. After takeoff, the airspeed indicator failed, and he diverted to the Grand Canyon State Airport, Wellsboro. The pilot removed mud from the pitot tube and refueled the airplane. He then departed with the passengers for 42PA, and en route, the airspeed indicator failed again.

The pilot further stated:

"...As 42PA has 50ft obstacle on one end, I elected to land downwind...I made a low and as slow an approach...Upon landing I found I was to fast and applied full brakes on uneven terrain. Front wheel broke off and I held the airplane up...When the front came down, the gear post dug into the strip and the aircraft flipped on it's back..."

Examination of the airplane and the grass strip by a Federal Aviation Administration Inspector revealed that the airplane touched down in the first one third of the runway. The Inspector's report stated that the airplane bounced and touched down about 1,000 feet from the approach end of the runway. It then became airborne again, touched down 500 feet later, and the nose wheel dug into the dirt and the airplane nosed over.

Examination of the pitot tube by the FAA Inspector revealed that it was blocked with mud.

The published airport data for 42PA listed runway 3/21, as 1,600 feet long, with no obstacles at either end of the runway. An airport 18 miles northeast of 42PA reported the winds from 170 degrees at 9 knots.

Aircraft

Registration
N97613
Reported as
Cessna 172P
Category
Airplane
Serial number
17276216
Airframe hours
5,465
Engine
Lycoming O-360-A4M, 180 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Registered owner
Lewis Flying Service Inc.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Utility
Last inspection
100 hour · May 30, 1997 · 40 hours before
Departed
N38 · Wellsboro, PA
Destination
42PA
Airport
42PA · Bear Crik Airstrip, runway 3, 1,600 × 100 ft, grass/turf

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
43
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Seat
Left
Flight hours
340 total · 229 in this make and model · 233 as pilot in command

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
170° at 9 knots
Visibility
25 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
86 °F, dew point 63 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg
Observed at
ELM, 18 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.