NYC99IA036

NTSB incident investigation · Boeing 737 · New York, NY · December 8, 1998

Incident · No injuriesIncident investigationFinal report
Date
December 8, 1998, 17:25 local (22:25 UTC)
Place
New York, NY
Injuries
52 uninjured
Damage
No damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
GCPXBoeing 737
Weather
Instrument (IMC) · Dusk
Status
Completed · report April 20, 2000
Report
Approved by Office Director
Case key
45471

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the incident.

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Probable cause

The Cessna pilot's incorrect visual identification of the Boeing 737's altitude, and decision to take evasive action that was not required, which resulted in the two airplanes coming within 500 feet horizontally, and 0 feet vertically of one another.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Miscellaneous/otherApproach
Weather condition - rain
Identification of aircraft visually - inaccuratePilot in commandCause
Evasive maneuver - not requiredPilot in commandCause

Analysis

The Boeing 737 was on downwind for La Guardia's runway 4, at 4,000 feet msl, when the crew caught a glimpse of three lights. The lights were red, white, green, and aligned vertically with the red light on the bottom. The first officer saw the other airplane, and had enough time to realize they were not going to collide, but not enough time to execute an evasive maneuver. In addition, the airplane's traffic alert collision avoidance system went from 'TRAFFIC' to 'MONITOR VERTICAL SPEED' to 'CLEAR OF CONFLICT' in approximately 2 seconds. The other airplane was a Cessna 172, IFR, at 5,000 feet msl. The pilot of that airplane saw the Boeing 737 at his 12 O'clock position, and perceived it to be at the same altitude. To avoid a perceived collision, the Cessna pilot executed a descent, and at 4,000 feet msl, the two airplanes passed 0 feet vertically and 500 feet horizontally from one another.

Factual narrative

On December 8, 1998, about 1725 eastern standard time, a Boeing 737, C-GCPX, operated by Canadian Airlines International Ltd. as Flight 528, experienced a near midair collision while maneuvering to land at La Guardia Airport, New York, New York. The airplane was not damaged, and the 2 flight crewmembers, 4 flight attendants, and 46 passengers were not injured. Instrument meteorological conditions prevailed and an Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) flight plan had been filed for the scheduled passenger flight that was conducted under 14 CFR Part 129.

According to the duty chief dispatcher for Canadian Airlines, the Boeing 737 was on downwind for La Guardia's runway 4, at 4,000 feet msl, when the crew caught a glimpse of three lights. The lights were red, white, green, and aligned vertically with the red light on the bottom.

The duty chief dispatcher added that the first officer saw the other airplane and had enough time to realize they were not going to collide, but not enough time to execute an evasive maneuver. In addition, the airplane's traffic alert collision avoidance system went from "TRAFFIC" to "MONITOR VERTICAL SPEED" to "CLEAR OF CONFLICT" in approximately 2 seconds.

According to the Federal Aviation Administration's Preliminary Pilot Deviation Report, the other airplane was a Cessna 172, IFR, at 5,000 feet msl. The pilot of that airplane apparently saw the Boeing 737 at his 12 O'clock position and perceived it to be at the same altitude. To avoid a perceived collision, the Cessna pilot executed a descent, and at 4,000 feet MSL, the two airplanes passed 0 feet vertically and 500 feet horizontally from one another.

Aircraft

Registration
GCPX
Reported as
Boeing 737
Category
Airplane
Serial number
22341
Engine
P&W JT8D-17, 16,000 lbs thrust, turbo jet
Damage
No damage
Flight
Part 129
Registered owner
Canadian Airlines
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Transport
Departed
YYZ · Toronto, OF
Destination
LGA · NY
Flight plan
IFR
Airport
LGA · La Guardia Airport

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
52
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--no waivers/lim.

Weather

Conditions
Instrument (IMC) · Dusk
Wind
346° at 5 knots
Visibility
7 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
900 ft overcast
Temperature
45 °F, dew point 46 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg
Observed at
LGA