WPR13LA247

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 210-5A · Wenatchee, WA · May 18, 2013

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
May 18, 2013, 13:00 local (20:00 UTC)
Place
Wenatchee, WA
Injuries
5 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N4848UCessna 210-5A
Defining event
Approach-VFR pattern base: Fuel exhaustion
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report June 2, 2014
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Western Pacific Region
Parties
FAA
FAA report
20130518008589A
Case key
87022

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The pilot’s inadequate fuel planning, which resulted in a loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion, and his improper landing flare, which resulted in the airplane’s tail striking the runway.

Findings · 3

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Fluids: fuelAircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Fluid managementCessna 210-5A: 1 caseAll aircraft: 1,695 casesProbable cause
Use of equip/infoPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotCessna 210-5A: 1 caseAll aircraft: 111 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: landing flareAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedCessna 210-5A: 1 caseAll aircraft: 1,285 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The airplane was on the base leg of the traffic pattern when the engine suddenly lost power. The airplane landed hard in a nose-high attitude, and the tail cone struck the runway, resulting in damage to the aft bulkhead and lower fuselage stringer. When a line service technician came with a tug to help get the airplane off the runway, the pilot told him that he had run out of fuel and that he had planned to continue past the airport but made an error in his fuel calculations. The pilot purchased additional fuel and continued to his destination with no further incident. Although the pilot stated that "vapor lock or a fuel system defect were potential causes" for the loss of engine power, his statements to the line service technician and the fact that the engine started and operated normally after fuel was added indicate that the reason for the loss of engine power was fuel exhaustion.

Factual narrative

On May 18, 2013, about 1300 Pacific daylight time, a Cessna 210-5A, N4848U, was substantially damaged during a hard landing at Pangborn Memorial Airport, Wenatchee, Washington. The commercial pilot and his four passengers were not injured. The pilot was operating the airplane under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the cross-country flight, which had originated from Chehalis, Washington, approximately 2 hours before the accident. A flight plan had not been filed. The pilot reported that he planned to refuel at Pangborn Memorial Airport. The airplane was on the base leg of a traffic pattern for landing on runway 30 when the airplane's engine suddenly lost power. According to the pilot, the airplane landed "tail low," and the underside of the airplane scraped on the ground. The pilot reported that "vapor lock or a fuel system defect were potential causes" for the loss of engine power. According to one of the passengers, the engine lost power when the airplane was perpendicular to the runway. He reported that they "seemed to be still turning as the airplane touched down hard." The passenger recalled that the airplane bounced, and when it touched down again, it was aligned with the runway. After the airplane rolled to a stop, the pilot attempted to start the engine but it would not start. The pilot and the passengers got out of the airplane and began to push it clear of the runway. Then someone from the airport came out with a tug to tow the airplane. After the airplane was towed to the ramp, the pilot purchased about 50 gallons of fuel. They boarded the airplane, departed, and flew on to their destination of Stehekin, Washington, without further incident. The line service technician who drove the tug out to the airplane and pulled the airplane to the ramp asked the pilot if he needed a mechanic to look at the airplane, and the pilot replied, "no, we ran out of fuel." The technician said "during your run-up?" The pilot replied "no, in the air. We were going to pass Wenatchee, but [I] got our [fuel] numbers off." After the airplane was flown back to its home base in Tonasket, Washington, the owner had a mechanic examine the airplane. The examination revealed that the tail tie-down bolt had been pushed upward into the aft bulkhead, and the aft bulkhead and the lower fuselage stringer were bent and deformed to the point where they needed to be replaced.

Aircraft

Registration
N4848U
Reported as
Cessna 210-5A
Category
Airplane
Serial number
205-0548
Built
1964
Airframe hours
3,968
Engine
Cont Motor IO-470 SERIES, 260 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
Hanna David B
Registered owner
Hanna David B
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · July 18, 2012
Departed
CLS · Chehalis, WA
Destination
EAT · Wenatchee, WA
Airport
EAT · Pangborn Memorial Airport, runway 30, 5,700 × 150 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
58
Injuries
None
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine sea, Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
November 11, 2011
Seat
Left
Flight hours
3,430 total · 5 in this make and model · 5 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
290° at 10 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
66 °F, dew point 34 °F
Altimeter
29.98 inHg
Observed at
EAT

Docket · 7

The files NTSB released with the investigation on May 2, 2014, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 1.4 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.