WPR16LA024

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 172S · San Jose, CA · November 8, 2015

Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
November 7, 2015, 20:40 local (Nov 8, 2015, 04:40 UTC)
Place
San Jose, CA
Injuries
1 minor, 3 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Landing
Aircraft
N21679Cessna 172S
Defining event
Landing-flare/touchdown: Loss of control on ground
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Night
Status
Completed · report March 23, 2017
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Western Pacific Region
Parties
Federal Aviation Administration
FAA report
20151107024199A
Case key
92304

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The NTSB’s determination of the probable cause, and any contributing factors.

The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll at night, which resulted in a runway excursion.

Findings · 3

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings.

Analysis

The newly-certificated private pilot conducted a local sightseeing flight at night with friends; he was not familiar with the airport. During the initial approach to land, the pilot performed a go-around. The pilot returned to land and, during the landing roll, lost directional control of the airplane, which subsequently exited the runway and came to rest inverted. A post-accident examination of the airplane did not reveal any mechanical anomalies that would have precluded normal operation. The airplane had been rented through a collaborative aircraft rental company wherein the pilot received a checkout in one location, and was permitted to fly the same make and model airplane at locations within the company's rental network throughout the country. Given his limited overall experience, landing at night at the unfamiliar airport and operating near the maximum gross weight of the airplane could have been challenging for the pilot.

Factual narrative

On November 7, 2015, at 2040 Pacific standard time, a Cessna 172S, N21679, was substantially damaged during landing at Reid Hillview Airport of Santa Clara County, San Jose, California. The personal flight was operated by Trade Winds Aviation under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91. The private pilot sustained minor injuries and three passengers were uninjured. Night visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan was filed. The pilot was returning to the departure airport after completing a local scenic night flight with three friends. The pilot was cleared to land runway 31R, but then requested to go around. He was then cleared again to land on runway 31R. During touchdown, the airplane departed the runway, and came to rest inverted. The pilot reported that the airplane experienced brake and rudder problems during landing. A post accident examination by an FAA inspector revealed no mechanical anomalies with the braking or control systems. The pilot had recently obtained his private pilot certificate. At the time of the accident he had accrued approximately 59 hours total time with 7 hours of total night flight, and 3 hours of night flight within the last 90 days. He had accrued 4 hours of flight time in the last 30 days, and no hours of night flight during this time. The pilot reported the weight of the airplane to be 2,400 pounds at the time of the accident. The maximum gross weight of the airplane is 2,550 pounds. The pilot rented the accident airplane through an agreement with OpenAirplane. The OpenAirplane agreement allowed the pilot to be checked out in a specific make and model airplane at one location, and fly the same make and model airplane at OpenAirplane operators throughout the United States. The pilot had completed a check out flight with OpenAirplane in the Boston, Massachusetts area, and the accident flight was his first flight since the checkout. There were no restrictions in the OpenAirplane agreement regarding night flight operations. The airplane operator, Trade Winds Aviation, provided an online Local Procedures Briefing that discussed general operations and procedures for area flights.

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident.

Aircraft

Registration
N21679
Reported as
Cessna 172S
Category
Airplane
Serial number
172S9648
Built
2004
Airframe hours
4,553.4
Engine
Lycoming IO-360-L2A, 180 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
Trade Winds Aviation
Registered owner
Air Thomo LLC
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Continuous airworthiness · November 6, 2015 · 3 hours before
Departed
RHV · San Jose, CA
Destination
RHV · San Jose, CA
Airport
RHV · Reid-Hillview Of Santa Clara C, runway 31R, 3,100 × 75 ft, asphalt
Equipment
Satellite tracking device, Auto-pilot, Stall warning system

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
27
Injuries
None
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, Without waivers/limitations
Seat
Left
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
59 total · 59 in this make and model · 16 as pilot in command · 15 in the last 90 days · 4 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Night
Wind
Calm
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
55 °F, dew point 48 °F
Altimeter
30.06 inHg
Observed at
RHV

Docket · 6

The files NTSB released with the investigation on February 1, 2017, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 6.9 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.