Service difficulty report · Disk · Beech T44C

Difficulty date
July 26, 2017
Submitted
January 14, 2019
Operation
General aviation
Make and model
Beech T44C
Aircraft serial
160974
Engine
Pwa PT6A34B
Engine time
19,029 hours
Part
Disk
Part number
3039901
Condition
Fractured
Location
Engine
Part time
2,884 hours
Component
Compressor Turb · Pwc
Component part number
3013411
Stage of operation
TO
How discovered
O
Nature of condition
B, Y
Precautionary procedure
E

As reported to the FAA. Reports are unverified, and codes are left as the FAA publishes them.

What was found

THE FLEET REPORTED DISCREPANCY WAS CONFIRMED. THE LOUD BANG HEARD BY THE PILOT WAS THE CATASTROPHIC FAILURE OF THE CT DISK ASSEMBLY BROUGHT ON BY THE FAILURE OF ALL 58 CT BLADE. ALL 58 BLADES APPEAR TO HAVE FAILED DUE TO OVERLOAD, NO EVIDENCE FOR PROGRESSIVE CRACKS WERE FOUND. A LIKELY SCENARIO IS THAT THE CT DISK FAILED DUE TO AN OVER-SPEED EVENT, WHICH IS CONSISTENT WITH THE SHORT UNIFORM LOCATION OF THE FRACTURE SURFACES ON THE BLADES. IN AN OVER-SPEED SCENARIO THE YIELD STRENGTH OF THE BLADES WOULD HAVE BEEN EXCEEDED, ELONGATION WOULD HAVE OCCURRED, AND, AFTER CONTACTING THE CASE, THE BLADES WOULD HAVE FRACTURED NEAR THE PLATFORM WHERE THE BENDING MOMENT WAS MAXIMAL. PROCESSING OF THIS CT BLADE DEBRIS THROUGH THE TURBINE SECTION RESULTED IN THE REMAINING DAMAGE DOCUMENTED IN THE FINDINGS ABOVE. AS WITH PREVIOUS CT BLADE FAILURES, SEVERAL MICROSHRINKAGES WERE OBSERVED IN THE MATERIAL OF THE CT BLADE FRAGMENTS RECOVERED FROM ENGINE. THE OBSERVED MICROSHRINKAGES SHOWED NO EVIDENCE OF CONTRIBUTING TO THIS CT BLADE FAILURE. THE STREAKING OF THE FUEL NOZZLES IS NOT THOUGHT TO HAVE BEEN CAUSAL IN THIS INCIDENT, AS THAT CONDITION TYPICALLY MANIFESTS ITSELF IN THE FORM OF ENGINE STARTING ISSUES, LOW POWER (ALL PARAMETERS READ LOW), OR COMBUSTION SECTION DETERIORATION.