2-vii FAA-S-8081-6AFAA-S-8081-6A D. TASK: PRINCIPLES OF FLIGHT (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of principles of flight by describing:
1. Airplane and airfoil design characteristics.
2. Forces acting on an airplane in various flight maneuvers.
3. Airplane stability and controllability.
4. Torque effect and correction.
5. Structural integrity and velocity/load factor chart.
6. Wingtip vortices and precautions to be taken.
E. TASK: ELEVATORS, AILERONS, AND RUDDER (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to the elevators, ailerons, and rudder by describing:
1. Purpose of each primary control.
2. Location, attachments, and system of control.
3. Direction of movement relative to airflow.
4. Effect on airplane control.
5. Proper technique for use.
F. TASK: TRIM DEVICES (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to trim devices by describing:
1. Purpose.
2. Location, attachments, and system of control.
3. Direction of movement relative to airflow and the primary control surface.
4. Effect on airplane control.
5. Proper technique for use.
FAA-S-8081-6AFAA-S-8081-6A 2-viii G. TASK: WING FLAPS (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to wing flaps by describing:
1. Purpose.
2. Various types.
3. Location, attachments, and system of control.
4. Effect on airplane control.
5. Proper technique for use.
H. TASK: AIRPLANE WEIGHT AND BALANCE (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23, AC 91-23.
Objective. To determine that the a pplicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of airplane weight and balance by describing:
1. Weight and balance terms.
2. Effect of weight and balance on performance.
3. Methods of weight and balance control.
4. Determination of total weight and center of gravity and the changes that occur when adding, removing, or shifting weight.
I. TASK: NAVIGATION AND FLIGHT PLANNING (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhib its instructional knowledge of the elements of navigation and flight planning by describing:
1. Terms used in navigation.
2. Features of aeronautical charts.
3. Importance of using the proper and current aeronautical charts.
4. Identification of various types of airspace.
2-ix FAA-S-8081-6AFAA-S-8081-6A
5. Method of plotting a course, selection of fuel stops and alternates, and appropriate actions in the event of unforeseen situations.
6. Fundamentals of pilotage and dead reckoning.
7. Fundamentals of radio navigation.
8. Diversion to an alternate.
9. Lost procedures.
10. Computation of fuel consumption.
11. Importance of preparing and properly using a flight log.
12. Importance of a weather check and the use of good judgment in making a "go/no-go" decision.
13. Purpose of, and procedure used in, filing a flight plan.
J. TASK: NIGHT OPERATIONS (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23; AIM;
FAA-S-8081-1.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of night operations by describing:
1. Factors related to night vision.
2. Disorientation and night optical illusions.
3. Importance of assuring that windshield and windows are clean.
4. Proper adjustment of interior lights.
5. Importance of having a flashlight with a red lens.
6. Night preflight inspection.
7. Engine starting procedures, including use of position and anticollision lights prior to start.
8. Taxiing and orientation on an airport.
9. Takeoff and climb-out.
10. Inflight orientation.
11. Importance of verifying the airplane's attitude by reference to flight instruments.
12. Recovery from critical flight attitudes.
13. Emergencies such as electrical failure, engine malfunction, and emergency landings.
14. Traffic patterns.
15. Approaches and landings with and without landing lights.
16. Go-arounds.
FAA-S-8081-6AFAA-S-8081-6A 2-x K. TASK: HIGH ALTITUDE OPERATIONS (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: FAR Part 91; AC 61-107, AC 67-2; AIM; Pilot's Operating Handbook, FAA- Approved Airplane Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of high altitude operations by describing:
1. Regulatory requirements for use of oxygen.
2. Physiological hazards associated with high altitude operations.
3. Characteristics of a pressurized airplane and various types of supplemental oxygen systems.
4. Importance of "aviators breathing oxygen."
5. Care and storage of high pressure oxygen bottles.
6. Problems associated with rapid decompression and corresponding solutions.
L. TASK: FEDERAL AVIATION REGULATIONS (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: FAR Parts 61 and 91; NTSB Part 830.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to Federal Aviation Regulations by describing:
1. Availability and method of revision.
2. FAR Part 61, FAR Part 91, and NTSB Part 830 -
(a) purpose.
(b) general content.
2-xi FAA-S-8081-6AFAA-S-8081-6A M. TASK: USE OF MINIMUM EQ UIPMENT LIST (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCE: FAR Section 91.213.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to the use of an approved minimum equipment list by describing:
1. Aircraft that require use of a minimum equipment list.
2. Airworthiness limitations imposed on aircraft operations with inoperative instruments or equipment.
3. Requirements for letter of authorization from FAA district office.
4. Supplemental type certificate.
5. Instrument and equipment exemptions.
6. Special flight permit
7. Procedures for deferring maintenance on aircraft without an approved minimum equipment list.
N. TASK: PUBLICATIONS (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: AC 00-2, AC 61-21, AC 61-23;
AIM; Pilot's Operating Handbook, FAA-Approved Airplane Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to flight information publications, advisory circulars, practical test standards, pilot operating handbooks, and FAA-approved airplane flight manuals by describing:
1. Availability.
2. Purpose.
3. General content.
FAA-S-8081-6AFAA-S-8081-6A 2-xii O. TASK: NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: FAR Part 91; AIM.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of the national airspace system by describing:
1. General dimension of airspace segments.
2. Operating limitations associated with uncontrolled, controlled, special use, and other airspace.
P. TASK: LOGBOOK ENTRIES AND CERTIFICATE ENDORSEMENTS (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: FAR Part 61; AC 61-21, AC 61-65.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to logbook entries and certificate endorsements by describing:
1. Required logbook entries for instruction given.
2. Required student pilot certificate endorsements, including appropriate logbook entries.
3. Preparation of a recommendation for a pilot practical test, including appropriate logbook entry.
4. Required endorsement of a pilot logbook for the satisfactory completion of the required FAA flight review.
5. Required flight instructor records.
2-xiii FAA-S-8081-6AFAA-S-8081-6A III. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT PREFLIGHT
PREPARATIONPREPARATION NOTE: The examiner will select at least one TASK.
A. TASK: CERTIFICATES AND DOCUMENTS (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: FAR Parts 43, 61, and 91;
AC 61-21, AC 61-23; Pilot's Operating Handbook, FAA-Approved Airplane Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to certificates and documents by describing:
1. Requirements for the issuance of pilot and flight instructor certificates and ratings, and the privileges and limitations of those certificates and ratings.
2. Class and duration of medical certificates.
3. Airworthiness and registration certificates.
4. Airplane handbooks and manuals.
5. Airplane maintenance requirements, tests, and records.
B. TASK: WEATHER INFORMATION (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: AC 00-6, AC 00-45, AC 61-21, AC 61-23, AC 61-84.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to weather information by describing:
1. Importance of a thorough weather check.
2. Various means of obtaining weather information.
3. Use of weather reports, forecasts, and charts.
4. Use of PIREP's, SIGMET's, AIRMET's, and NOTAM's.
5. Recognition of aviation weather hazards to includ e wind shear.
6. Factors to be considered in making a "go/no-go" decision.
FAA-S-8081-6AFAA-S-8081-6A 2-xiv C. TASK: OPERATION OF SYSTEMS (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: AC 61-21; Pilot's Operating Handbook, FAA-Approved Airplane Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to the operation of systems, as applicable to the airplane used for the practical test, by describing:
1. Primary flight controls and trim.
2. Pitot static/vacuum system and associated instruments.
3. Landing gear.
4. Wing flaps, leading edge devices, and spoilers.
5. Powerplant, including controls, indicators, cooling, and fire detection.
6. Propellers, including controls and indicators.
7. Fuel, oil, and hydraulic systems.
8. Electrical system.
9. Environmental system.
10. Deicing and anti-icing systems.
11. Avionics system.
12. Any system unique to the airplane flown.
D. TASK: PERFORMANCE AND LIMITATIONS (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: AC 61-21, AC 61-23, AC 61-84, AC 91-23; Pilot's Operating Handbook, FAA- Approved Airplane Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to performance and limitations by describing:
1. Determination of weight and balance condition.
2. Use of performance charts, tables, and other data in determining performance in various phases of flight.
3. Effects of exceeding limitations.
4. Effects of atmospheric conditions on performance.
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5. Factors to be considered in determining that the required performance is within the airplane's capabilities.
E. TASK: WATER AND SEAPLANE CHARACTERISTICS (ASES) REFERENCES: AC 61-21; Seaplane Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to water and seaplane characteristics by describing:
1. Characteristics of water surface as it is affected by such factors as size of the water area, currents, debris, wind, sandbars, islands, or shoals.
2. Seaplane float or hull construction and its relationship to performance.
3. Causes of porpoising and skipping and pilot action necessary to prevent or to correct those occurrences.
F. TASK: SEAPLANE BASES, RULES, AND AIDS TO
MARINE NAVIGATION (ASES) REFERENCES: FAR Part 91; AC 61-21; Rules of the Road; Aids to Marine Navigation.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements related to seaplane bases, rules, and aids to marine navigation by describing:
1. How to locate and identify seaplane bases on charts or in directories.
2. Operating restrictions at various seaplane bases.
3. Right-of-way, steering, and sailing rules pertinent to seaplane operation.
4. Purpose and identification of marine navigation aids such as buoys, beacons, lights, and sound signals.
FAA-S-8081-6AFAA-S-8081-6A 2-xvi IV. AREA OF OPERATION: PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A PREFLIGHT LESSON ON A
MANEUVER TO BE PERFORMED IN FLIGHTMANEUVER TO BE PERFORMED IN FLIGHT NOTE: Examiner will select at least one maneuver from AREAS OF OPERATION VII through XIV, and ask the applicant to present a preflight lesson on the selected maneuver as the lesson would be taught to a student.
TASK: MANEUVER LESSON (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: AC 60-14, AC 61-21, AC 61-23;
FAA-S-8081-1, FAA -S-8081-2; Pilot's Operating Handbook, FAA-Approved Airplane Flight Manual;
Seaplane Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant exhibits instructional knowledge of the selected maneuver by:
1. Stating the purpose.
2. Giving an accurate, compre hensive oral description, including the elements and common errors.
3. Using instructional aids, as appropriate.
4. Describing the recognition, analysis, and correction of common errors.
2-xvii FAA-S-8081-6AFAA-S-8081-6A V. AREA OF OPERATION: GROUND AND WATER GROUND AND WATER
OPERATIONSOPERATIONS NOTE: The examiner will select at least one TASK.
A. TASK: VISUAL INSPECTION (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: AC 60-14, AC 61-21;
FAA-S-8081-1, FAA -S-8081-2; Pilot's Operating Handbook, FAA-Approved Airplane Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of a visual inspection, as applicable to the airplane used for the practical test, by describing -
(a) reasons for the visual inspection, items that should be inspected, and how defects are detected.
(b) importance of using the appropriate checklist.
(c) how to determine fuel and oil quantity.
(d) methods used to determine fuel and oil contamination.
(e) detection of fuel, oil, and hydraulic leaks.
(f) inspection of the oxygen system, including supply and proper operation.
(g) inspection of the flight controls and water rudder.
(h) detection of visible structural damage.
(i) removal of tie-downs, control locks, and wheel chocks.
(j) removal of ice and frost.
(k) importance of the proper loading and securing of baggage, cargo, and equipment.
(l) use of sound judgment in determining whether the airplane is in condition for safe flight.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to a visual inspection by describing -
(a) failure to use or the improper use of checklist.
(b) hazards which may result from allowing distractions to interrupt a visual inspection.
(c) inability to recognize discrepancies.
FAA-S-8081-6AFAA-S-8081-6A 2-xviii
(d) failure to assure servicing with the proper fuel and oil.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains a visual inspection from an instructional standpoint.
B. TASK: COCKPIT MANAGEMENT (ASEL and ASES) REFERENCES: AC 60-14, AC 61-21;
FAA-S-8081-1, FAA -S-8081-2; Pilot's Operating Handbook, FAA-Approved Airplane Flight Manual.
Objective. To determine that the applicant:
1. Exhibits instructional knowledge of the elements of cockpit management by describing -
(a) proper arranging and securing of essential materials and equipment in the cockpit.
(b) proper and orderly maintenance of records that reflect the progress of the flight.
(c) proper use and/or adjustment of such cockpit items as safety belts, shoulder harnesses, rudder pedals, and seats.
(d) occupant briefing on emergency procedures and use of safety belts.
2. Exhibits instructional knowledge of common errors related to cockpit management by describing -
(a) failure to place and secure essential materials and equipment for easy access during flight.
(b) failure to maintain accurate records essential to the progress of the flight.
(c) improper adjustment of equipment and controls.
3. Demonstrates and simultaneously explains cockpit management from an instructional standpoint.