18. AGENTS IN NUTRITION
NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS, CARBOHYDRATE dextrose (glucose) fructose glucourolactone (Glucurone) Undesirable effects in aviation: Unlikely.
Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties not contraindicated by use.
NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS, PROTEIN AND AMINO ACID arginine (Argivene) arginine glutamate (Modumate) glutamic acid methionine (Altara; Amurex; Meonine; Metione) potassium and magnesium salts of aspartic acid (Spartase) protein hydrolysates (Am-B; Amigen; Aminonat; Aminosol;
Aminovitox; Amiprote; Calorigen; Caminoids; Casein hydrolysate; Lactamin ; Travamin) sodium glutamate (Glutavene; Glutavite) Undesirable effects in aviation: Relatively nontoxic by mouth;
allergic symptoms possible after intravenous use.
Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties contraindicated for 24 hours after intravenous use.
NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS, FAT cottonseed oil emulsion (Lipomul) homogenized fat preparations Undesirable effects in aviation: Severe immediate "colloid" reactions may occur after parenteral use, with dyspnea, flushing, urticaria, fever and other symptoms.
Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties contraindicated for 8 days after parenteral use. Medical indication for use would presumably contraindicate duty.
AGENTS IN OBESITY amphetamine (Amitrene; Amphedrine; Benzedrine) dextroamphetamine (Adrizine; Am-Dex; Dadex; Dexedrine) diethylpropion (Tepanil) methamphetamine (Amphedroxyn; Desoxedrine; Desoxyephedrine; Desoxyn; Desyphed; Drinalfa; Methedrine; Methoxyn;
Norodin) phenmetrazine (Preludin) phentermine (Ionamin) phenylpropanolamine (Propadrine) (see also SYMPATHETIC STIMULANTS) Undesirable effects in aviation: Nervousness, wakefulness, errors in judgment, psychotic reactions.
Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties contraindicated for 24 hours after use.
21. PARASYMPATHETIC STIMULANTS
PARASYMPATHETIC STIMULANTS, DIRECT bethanechol (Urecholine) carbachol (Carbamiotin; Carcholin; Doryl) furtrethonium (Furmethide) methacholine (Mecholyl) pilocarpine Undesirable effects in aviation: Intestinal cramping, sweating, diarrhea, bronchial constriction, pulmonary edema, asthma.
bradycardia, cardiac arrest.
Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties contraindicated for 24 hours after local or systemic use.
PARASYMPATHETIC STIMULANTS,
ANTICHOLINESTERASE ambenonium (Mytelase) benzpyrinium (Stigmonene) demecarium (Humorsol) echothiophate (Phospholine) isofluorophate (Fluoropryl) neostigmine (Prostigmine) physostigmine (eserine) Undesirable effects in aviation: Same as parasympathetic stimulants direct, plus some element of muscular weakness.
Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties contraindicated for 48 hours after local or systemic use. Medical indication would ordinarily contraindicate duty.
20. SYMPATHETIC DEPRESSANTS
VASODILATORS AND HYPOTENSIVES azapetine (Ilidar) dihydroergot alkaloids (Hydergine) phenoxybenzamine (Dibenzyline) phentolamine (Regitine) piperoxan (Benodaine) tolazoline (Benzazoline; Priscoline; Vasimid) (see also Hypotensives, Sympatholytics, under CARDIOVAS-
CULAR AGENTS) Undesirable effects in aviation: Mild to severe side effects common, including variously tachycardia, hyperpnea, postural hypotension and mixed autonomic effects.
Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties contraindicated for 24 hours after use.
drine; Desoxyn; Desyphed; Drinalfa; Methedrine; Methoxyn;
Norodin) phenmetrazine (Preludin) (see also Agents in Obesity under NUTRITION) Undesirable effects in aviation: Wakefulness, nervousness, impaired judgment.
Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties contraindicated for 24 hours after use.
SMOOTH MUSCLE RELAXANTS isoetharine (Dilabron) isoproterenol (Aleudrin; Aludrin; Asdrin; Isopro; Isuprel) isoxuprine (Vasodilan) nylidrin (Arlidin) protochylol (Caytine) Undesirable effects in aviation: Palpitation, tachycardia, tremulousness, insomnia.
Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties contraindicated for 24 hours after use.
19. SYMPATHETIC STIMULANTS
VASOCONSTRICTORS cyclopentamine (Clopane) ephedrine epinephrine (Adrenalin; Supranephrin; Vasodrine) hydroxyamphetamine (Paredrine) isometheptene (Octin) levarterenol (Levophed) mephentermine (Wyamine) metaraminol (Aramine) methoxamine (Vasoxyl) methoxyphenamine (Orthoxine) methylamihoheptane (Oenethy!)
methylhexaneamine (Forthane) naphazoline (Privine) nordefrin (Cobefrin) phenylephrine (Isophrin; Neosynephrine; Synasal) phenylpropanolamine (Panamine; Propadrine) pheny propylmethylamine (Vonedrine) propylhexedrine (Benzedrex) racephedrine (Vaponephrin) tetrahydrozoline (Tyzine) tuaminoheptane (Tuamine) xylometazoline (Otrivin) Undesirable effects in aviation: Local use as nasal decongestants seldom produces side effects, but naphazoline may induce wakefulnese. Systemic use may produce, variously: local tissue necrosis (levarterenol) ; trembling, pallor, nervousness (epinephrine).
Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties not contraindicated by topical use in the nose, but should not be allowed for 6 hours after systemic use (12 hours for preparations of epinephrine in oil).
CENTRAL STIMULANTS amphetamine (Amitrene; Amphedrine; Benzedrine) dextroamphetamine (Adrizine; Am-Dex; Dadex; Dexedrine) methamphetamine (Amphedroxyn; Desoxedrine; Desoxyephe- 49
54 Parkinsonism would ordinarly be expected to preclude duty.
Use in aviation personnel: Same as for antispasmodic group.
pupils.
Undesirable effects in aviation: Sedation, dry mouth, dilated trihexlphenidyl (Artane; Pipanol) tincture of belladonna stramonium scopolamine procyclidine (Kemadrin) orphenadrine (Disipal) ethopropazide (Parsidol) diethazine (Diparcol) cycrimine (Pagitane) caramiphen (Panparnit; Toryn) benztropin (Cogentin) biperidin (Akineton) belladonna AGENTS
CENTRAL DEPRESSANTS AND ANTIPARKINSON hours after use.
Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties contraindicated for 24 accommodation after local use in eyes.
Undesirable effects in aviation: Dilated pupils and paralyzed tropicamide (Mydriacyl) homatropine eucatropine (Euphthalmine) cyclopentolate (Cyclogyl)
CYCLOPLEGICS AND MYDRIATICS precludes flying.
present. It is to be noted that the presence of peptic ulcer cal condition permits, providing that no adverse effects are first week of use, but then allowable 24 hours after use if medi- Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties contraindicated during
53 of glaucoma.
paralyzed accommodation, difficulty in urination, precipitation Undesirable effects in aviation: Dry mouth, dilated pupils and valethamate (Murel) tridihexethyl (Pathilon) tricyclamol (Elorine) tincture of belladonna propantheline (Pro-Banthine) poldine (Nacton) piperidolate (Dactil) pipenzolate (Piptal) penthienate (Monodral) pentapiperide (Quilene) pavatrine oxyphenonium (Antrenyl) oxyphencyclimine (Daricon) octatropine (Valpin) methscopolamine (Pamine) methantheline (Banthine) mepenzolate (Cantil) isopropamide (Darbid) Novatrin; Sethyl) homatropine (Homapin; Homatromide; Malcotran; Mesopin;
hexocyclium (Tral) diphemanil (Prantal) diethylaminoethyldiphenylacetate (adiphenine; Trasentine) dicyclomine (Bentyl) dibutoline (Dibuline) benzomethamine (Cotranul) belladonna atropine amprotropine (Syntropan) amolanone (Amethone) aminopentamide (Centrine) ambutonium adiphenine (Trasentine)
ANTISPASMODICS 22, PARASYMPATHETIC DEPRESSANTS
23. MYONEURAL AGENTS
MUSCLE RELAXANTS, CURARE TYPE benzoquinonium (Mytolon) chondodendron (Intocostrin) curare decamethonium (Syncurine) dimethyltubocurarine (Metubine) gallamine (Flaxedil) succinylcholine (Anectine; Quelicin; Sucostrin; Suxinyl) tubocurarine (Delacurarine; Mecostrin; Tubadil; Tubarine) Undesirable effects in aviation: Paralysis of muscle; rare extreme respiratory depression.
Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties contraindicated for 48 hours after use. Medical condition would usually preclude work.
MUSCLE STIMULANTS ambenonium (Mytelase) benzpyrinium (Stigmonene) edrophonium (Tensilon) neostigmine (Prostigmine) pyridostigmine (Mestinon) (see also PARASYMPATHETIC STIMULANTS) Undesirable effects in aviation: Overdosage may produce muscular fasciculations, weakness and paralysis.
Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties contraindicated for 24 hours after use; work improbable on medical grounds.
MUSCLE RELAXANTS, MEPHENESIN TYPE carisoprodol (Soma) mephenesin (Avosyl; Glyotol; Mephedan; Myanesin; Oranixon;
Prolax; Sinan; Tolansin; Toloxyn; Tolserol) mephenesin carbamate (Tolseram) methocarbamol (Robaxin) promoxolane (Dimethylane) styramate (Sinaxar) 55
Undesirable effects in aviation: Sleepiness, weakness, vertigo, lassitude; rare hemolysis and hemoglobinuria (mephenesin).
Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties contraindicated for 24 hours after use.
MUSCLE RELAXANTS, OTHERS chlormezanone (Trancopal) chlorzoxazone (Paraflex) zoxazolamine (Flexin) (no longer marketed) Undesirable effects in aviation: Headache, weakness, drowsiness, rashes, hepatitis, (chlorzoxazone, zoxazolamine) ; sedation (chlormezanone).
Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties contraindicated for 24 hours after use.
quinine and urea hydrochloride saligenin Undesirable effects in aviation: Allergic sensitization; local irritation.
Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties not contraindicated it no side effects are present. However, underlying condition may contraindicate duty.
25. NON-NARCOTIC ANALGESICS
SALICYLATES acety salicylic acid aspirin calcium acety salicylate carbamide (Calurin) choline salicylate (Arthropan) methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen) salicylamide (Amid-Sal; Liquiprin, Salamide; Salicin; Salrin) salicylic acid sodium salicylate Undesirable effects in aviation: Nausea, tinnitus, deafness, then diarrhea and hallucinations with excessive dosage; local irritation; infrequent allergic manifestations.
Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties not contraindicated by usual dosage (less than 1 gm. of aspirin) unless adverse effects are present.
ANILINE DERIVATIVES acetaminophen (Amdil; Anelix; Apamide; Tempra; Tylenol) acetanilid acetophenetidin (Phenacetin) Undesirable effects in aviation: Rare sensitivity; prolonged administration may cause cyanosis and anoxemia from sulf- or methemo-globinemia.
Use in aviation personnel: Airman duties not contraindicated by usual dosage (less than 0.5 gm. acetanilid) but chronic use should be avoided.
PYRAZOLON DERIVATIVES aminopyrine (Pyramidon) antipyrine oxyphenbutazone (Tandearil) phenylbutazone (Butazolidin) sulfinpyrazone (Anturane) - Undesirable effects in aviation: Nausea, anorexia, vertigo, rashes, water retention; may induce bleeding in peptic ulcer; serious danger of agranulocytosis.