ANC02LA098

NTSB accident investigation · de Havilland DHC-2 · Ketchikan, AK · August 19, 2002

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
August 19, 2002, 07:45 local (15:45 UTC)
Place
Ketchikan, AK
Injuries
16 uninjured
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N64393de Havilland DHC-2N409PAde Havilland DHC-3
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report June 25, 2003
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Alaska Regional Office
Parties
Federal Aviation Administration
Case key
55530

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's failure to maintain an adequate visual outlook during cruise climb, which resulted in a midair collision between the two airplanes.

The failure of the pilot of the other airplane to maintain an adequate visual lookout, which resulted in a midair collision between the two airplanes.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Midair collisionCruise - normal
Visual lookout - not maintainedPilot of other aircraftCause
Midair collisionClimb - to cruise
Visual lookout - not maintainedPilot in commandCause

Analysis

Two airplanes operated by the same company, a float-equipped deHavilland DHC-2 Beaver, and a float-equipped deHavilland DHC-3 Turbine Otter, collided in midair as they were en route to the same remote destination. The Beaver sustained minor damage to the floats, and the Turbine Otter sustained substantial damage to the top portion of the wings, the fuselage, and vertical stabilizer. The collision occurred over an area of coastal channels and fjords. The pilot of the Beaver stated that his airplane was the first of three company airplanes to depart. Once airborne, and clear of the class E airspace, he changed radio frequencies to monitor a common traffic advisory frequency. He said that about 15 minutes after departure, while in level cruise flight, about 2,000 feet above the water, he felt a sudden thump, followed by a pronounced airframe shudder. He then observed the top of the left wing of the Turbine Otter to his left side, just under the floats of his airplane. He said that just after the two airplanes collided, the Turbine Otter made a left, descending turn, away from his airplane. He said that after determining that he still had full flight control, he elected to return to the operator's base of operation. The pilot of theTurbine Otter said that his airplane was the second of three airplanes. He said that he departed about 5 minutes after the Beaver, and proceeded on a northerly heading, while climbing the airplane to about 2,200 feet. He said that he changed radio frequencies to monitor a common traffic advisory frequency. He said that about 10 minutes after departure, he heard one of the passengers seated in the rear of the airplane yell "airplane." About two seconds later, the pilot heard a loud scrape on the top portion of the airplane. The pilot said that just after the impact, he experienced some difficulty in controlling the airplane, but was soon able to regain partial control, and subsequently made an emergency landing in the ocean waters in the channel. The pilot of theTurbine Otter reported that his airplane was about 10 knots faster than the Beaver.

Two airplanes operated by the same company, a float-equipped deHavilland DHC-2 Beaver, and a float-equipped deHavilland DHC-3 Turbine Otter, collided in midair as they were en route to the same remote destination. The Beaver sustained minor damage to the floats, and the Turbine Otter sustained substantial damage to the top portion of the wings, the fuselage, and vertical stabilizer. The collision occurred over an area of coastal channels and fjords. The pilot of the Beaver stated that his airplane was the first of three company airplanes to depart. Once airborne, and clear of the class E airspace, he changed radio frequencies to monitor a common traffic advisory frequency. He said that about 15 minutes after departure, while in level cruise flight, about 2,000 feet above the water, he felt a sudden thump, followed by a pronounced airframe shudder. He then observed the top of the left wing of the Turbine Otter to his left side, just under the floats of his airplane. He said that just after the two airplanes collided, the Turbine Otter made a left, descending turn, away from his airplane. He said that after determining that he still had full flight control, he elected to return to the operator's base of operation. The pilot of theTurbine Otter said that his airplane was the second of three airplanes. He said that he departed about 5 minutes after the Beaver, and proceeded on a northerly heading, while climbing the airplane to about 2,200 feet. He said that he changed radio frequencies to monitor a common traffic advisory frequency. He said that about 10 minutes after departure, he heard one of the passengers seated in the rear of the airplane yell "airplane." About two seconds later, the pilot heard a loud scrape on the top portion of the airplane. The pilot said that just after the impact, he experienced some difficulty in controlling the airplane, but was soon able to regain partial control, and subsequently made an emergency landing in the ocean waters in the channel. The pilot of theTurbine Otter reported that his airplane was about 10 knots faster than the Beaver.

Factual narrative

On August 19, 2002, about 0745 Alaska daylight time, a float-equipped deHavilland Beaver DHC-2 airplane, N64393, and a float-equipped deHavilland DHC-3 Turbine Otter airplane, N409PA, collided in midair about 12 miles north of Ketchikan, Alaska. The DHC-3 Turbine Otter sustained substantial damage to both wings, fuselage, and vertical stabilizer. The DHC-2 Beaver sustained minor damage to the floats. Both airplanes were operated by Promech, Inc., of Ketchikan. The certificated airline transport pilot and four passengers aboard the DHC-2 Beaver were not injured. The certificated airline transport pilot of the DHC-3 Turbine Otter and the ten passengers aboard were not injured. Both aircraft were being operated under Title 14, CFR Part 135, as on-demand air taxi flights in visual meteorological conditions. Both airplanes departed the Ketchikan Harbor Seaplane Base between 0730 and 0735, en route to Neets Bay. Both airplanes were carrying cruise ship passengers en route to a bear viewing area located within Neets Bay.

During telephone interviews with the National Transportation Safety Board investigator-in-charge on August 19, the pilots of the two airplanes disclosed the following information:

The pilot of the DHC-2 Beaver stated that his airplane was the first of three company airplanes to depart from the Ketchikan Harbor Seaplane Base, en route to Neets Bay. He said that once he was airborne, and clear of the class E airspace to the north, he changed radio frequencies to monitor the common traffic advisory frequency, 122.9. He added that the second company airplane, the DHC-3 Turbine Otter, departed about 3 minutes after his departure. The pilot reported that about 15 minutes after departure, while on a northerly heading in level cruise flight at 2,000 feet msl over Behm Channel, he felt a sudden thump, followed by a pronounced airframe shudder. He said that he originally thought this was just the airplane flying through turbulence, but immediately observed the top of the left wing of the DHC-3 Turbine Otter to his left side, just under the floats of his airplane. He said that just after the two airplanes collided, the DHC-3 Turbine Otter made a left, descending turn, away from his airplane. The pilot said that after determining that he still had full flight control, he elected to return to Ketchikan. He added that he tried to contact the pilot of the DHC-3 Turbine Otter, but did not receive a response. The pilot said that a postaccident inspection of his airplane disclosed minor damage to the underside of both floats.

The pilot of the DHC-3 Turbine Otter said that his airplane was the second of three airplanes en route to Neets Bay. He said that after an uneventful takeoff from the Ketchikan Harbor Seaplane Base, about 5 minutes after the DHC-2 Beaver, he proceeded on a northerly heading, about 2,200 feet above the waters of Behm Channel. He said that just before the impact, he heard one of the passengers seated in the rear of the airplane yell "airplane." About two seconds later, the pilot heard a loud scrape on the top portion of the airplane. He then started a descending left turn, while attempting to transmit a "mayday" radio call on the common traffic advisory frequency, 122.9. The pilot said that just after the impact, he experienced some difficulty in controlling the airplane, but was soon able to regain partial control, and subsequently made an emergency landing in the ocean waters of Behm Channel. After assessing the damage to the airplane, he elected to step-taxi the airplane back to Ketchikan. A postaccident inspection revealed substantial damage to the top portions of both wings, fuselage, and vertical stabilizer. All of the airplane's communications antennas that were mounted on top of the wings and fuselage were destroyed during the collision. The pilot of the DHC-3 Turbine Otter reported that his airplane was about 10 knots faster than the DHC-2 Beaver.

On August 19, 2002, about 0745 Alaska daylight time, a float-equipped deHavilland Beaver DHC-2 airplane, N64393, and a float-equipped deHavilland DHC-3 Turbine Otter airplane, N409PA, collided in midair about 12 miles north of Ketchikan, Alaska. The DHC-3 Turbine Otter sustained substantial damage to both wings, fuselage, and vertical stabilizer. The DHC-2 Beaver sustained minor damage to the floats. Both airplanes were operated by Promech, Inc., of Ketchikan. The certificated airline transport pilot and four passengers aboard the DHC-2 Beaver were not injured. The certificated airline transport pilot of the DHC-3 Turbine Otter and the ten passengers aboard were not injured. Both aircraft were being operated under Title 14, CFR Part 135, as on-demand air taxi flights in visual meteorological conditions. Both airplanes departed the Ketchikan Harbor Seaplane Base between 0730 and 0735, en route to Neets Bay. Both airplanes were carrying cruise ship passengers en route to a bear viewing area located within Neets Bay.

During telephone interviews with the National Transportation Safety Board investigator-in-charge on August 19, the pilots of the two airplanes disclosed the following information:

The pilot of the DHC-2 Beaver stated that his airplane was the first of three company airplanes to depart from the Ketchikan Harbor Seaplane Base, en route to Neets Bay. He said that once he was airborne, and clear of the class E airspace to the north, he changed radio frequencies to monitor the common traffic advisory frequency, 122.9. He added that the second company airplane, the DHC-3 Turbine Otter, departed about 3 minutes after his departure. The pilot reported that about 15 minutes after departure, while on a northerly heading in level cruise flight at 2,000 feet msl over Behm Channel, he felt a sudden thump, followed by a pronounced airframe shudder. He said that he originally thought this was just the airplane flying through turbulence, but immediately observed the top of the left wing of the DHC-3 Turbine Otter to his left side, just under the floats of his airplane. He said that just after the two airplanes collided, the DHC-3 Turbine Otter made a left, descending turn, away from his airplane. The pilot said that after determining that he still had full flight control, he elected to return to Ketchikan. He added that he tried to contact the pilot of the DHC-3 Turbine Otter, but did not receive a response. The pilot said that a postaccident inspection of his airplane disclosed minor damage to the underside of both floats.

The pilot of the DHC-3 Turbine Otter said that his airplane was the second of three airplanes en route to Neets Bay. He said that after an uneventful takeoff from the Ketchikan Harbor Seaplane Base, about 5 minutes after the DHC-2 Beaver, he proceeded on a northerly heading, about 2,200 feet above the waters of Behm Channel. He said that just before the impact, he heard one of the passengers seated in the rear of the airplane yell "airplane." About two seconds later, the pilot heard a loud scrape on the top portion of the airplane. He then started a descending left turn, while attempting to transmit a "mayday" radio call on the common traffic advisory frequency, 122.9. The pilot said that just after the impact, he experienced some difficulty in controlling the airplane, but was soon able to regain partial control, and subsequently made an emergency landing in the ocean waters of Behm Channel. After assessing the damage to the airplane, he elected to step-taxi the airplane back to Ketchikan. A postaccident inspection revealed substantial damage to the top portions of both wings, fuselage, and vertical stabilizer. All of the airplane's communications antennas that were mounted on top of the wings and fuselage were destroyed during the collision. The pilot of the DHC-3 Turbine Otter reported that his airplane was about 10 knots faster than the DHC-2 Beaver.

Aircraft · 2

Registration
N64393
Reported as
de Havilland DHC-2
Category
Airplane
Serial number
845
Airframe hours
29,665.3
Engine
Pratt & Whitney R-985-14-B, 450 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Minor damage
Flight
Part 135
Registered owner
PROMECH, Inc.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
100 hour · August 9, 2002 · 43.8 hours before
Departed
5KE · Ketchikan, AK
Destination
5KE · Ketchikan, AK
Flight plan
Company VFR

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Registration
N409PA
Reported as
de Havilland DHC-3
Category
Airplane
Serial number
409
Airframe hours
9,541.3
Engine
Pratt & Whitney PT6A-135A, 750 horsepower, turbo prop
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Part 135
Operator
PROMECH, Inc.
Registered owner
Pantechnicon Avaition, Inc.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
AAIP · August 5, 2002 · 62.3 hours before
Departed
5KE · Ketchikan, AK
Destination
5KE · Ketchikan, AK
Flight plan
Company VFR

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot, aircraft N64393
Age
34
Injuries
None
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine sea, Multi-engine sea, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Last flight review
May 3, 2002
Seat
Left
Flight hours
6,000 total · 550 in this make and model · 4,200 as pilot in command · 260 in the last 90 days · 100 in the last 30 days · 6 in the last 24 hours
Role
Pilot, aircraft N409PA
Age
55
Injuries
None
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land, Multi-engine sea, Single-engine sea
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Last flight review
May 23, 2002
Seat
Left
Flight hours
8,530 total · 80 in this make and model · 8,372 as pilot in command · 271 in the last 90 days · 101 in the last 30 days · 6 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
210° at 8 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
3,500 ft broken
Altimeter
30.01 inHg

FAA reports on this event · 2

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.