ANC99LA002

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 207A · Napaskiak, AK · October 8, 1998

Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
October 8, 1998, 13:15 local (21:15 UTC)
Place
Napaskiak, AK
Injuries
2 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Takeoff
Aircraft
N6874MCessna 207A
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report February 16, 2001
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Alaska Regional Office
FAA report
19981008045999A
Case key
45235

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's inadequate preflight inspection to remove all contaminated fuel from the fuel system. Factors in the accident were the pilot's inadequate planning/decision to continue a second takeoff following an engine surge and aborted takeoff, and unsuitable terrain for a forced landing.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Loss of engine power(partial) - nonmechanicalTakeoff - aborted
Fluid,fuel - contamination,waterCause
Engine assembly - surge
Loss of engine power(total) - nonmechanicalTakeoff - initial climb
Aircraft preflight - inadequatePilot in commandCause
Planning/decision - inadequatePilot in commandFactor
Forced landingEmergency landing after takeoff
Terrain condition - none suitableFactor
In flight collision with objectEmergency landing after takeoff
Object - tree(s)

Analysis

The certificated airline transport pilot, with one passenger, was departing for another airport about 5 miles away. During the takeoff run, the engine surged. The pilot aborted the takeoff and returned to the departure point of the runway. He said he performed an engine power check which appeared satisfactory, and continued a second takeoff. The pilot did not recheck the fuel system for contamination. Following the second takeoff, the airplane climbed to about 300 feet msl, and the engine RPM suddenly dropped to idle. Emergency procedures did not restore power. The airplane collided with trees during an off-airport landing, and received impact damage to both wing fuel tanks. The airplane came to rest inverted. The pilot said he drained every fuel sump on the airplane at the beginning of the day, and again before beginning the flight to pick up the passenger. Following retrieval of the airplane, an FAA airworthiness inspector examined the airplane. He found about 1/2 cup of water in the fuel system. One wing sump drain was partially blocked by silt. With clean fuel, the engine was started and ran at an idle. The engine later produced full power on an engine test stand.

Factual narrative

On October 8, 1998, about 1315 Alaska daylight time, a wheel equipped Cessna 207A airplane, N6874M, sustained substantial damage during a forced landing after takeoff from Napaskiak, Alaska. The airplane was being operated as a visual flight rules (VFR) on-demand passenger flight under Title 14, CFR Part 135, when the accident occurred. The airplane was registered to Gussik Ventures, Anchorage, Alaska, and operated by Hageland Aviation Services Inc., Anchorage. The certificated airline transport pilot, and the passenger received minor injuries. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed. VFR company flight following procedures were in effect.

The chief pilot for the operator reported the airplane was departing runway 19 at Napaskiak to transport the passenger to Bethel, Alaska, which is located about 5 miles away. The chief pilot said the company has fuel sumping procedures that require all fuel system drains be checked for contaminants. The company's fuel system is equipped with a "GO/NO GO" cartridge type filter element. The chief pilot said the company fuel system was producing clean fuel.

In the Pilot/Operator report (NTSB form 6120.1/2) filed by the operator, the pilot supplied a statement about the accident. The pilot said the airplane's fuel system, including the main gascolator, wing sump drains, and the reservoir tank drains were all purged of any contaminants prior to the first flight of the day. The airplane was then flown on four flights, for a total of about 1 hour. The pilot said he filled both wing fuel tanks prior to the flight to Napaskiak, and again drained all fuel system sumps. He did not find any water or other contaminants in the fuel.

The pilot indicated that during the first takeoff run from Napaskiak, the engine surged. He aborted the takeoff and returned to the departure point of the runway. He then performed an engine power check. The engine power check was satisfactory, and the pilot continued the second takeoff. About 300 feet msl, the pilot said the engine RPM suddenly dropped to idle. Emergency engine procedures did not restore power. The airplane collided with trees during an off-airport landing.

A Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) airworthiness inspector, Anchorage Flight Standards District Office, examined the airplane at the accident scene on the accident date. He reported the airplane came to rest inverted. The wing fuel tanks were breached from impact damage. The engine propeller blades sustained slight aft curling.

The airplane was retrieved from the accident site and transported to Bethel by company and insurance personnel. On October 14, 1998, the FAA inspector who previously examined the airplane, found a total of about 1/2 cup rusty-colored water, along with clean fuel, in the airplane's gascolator, reservoir tanks, and both wing fuel tanks. The left wing sump drain was slightly blocked with a dark silty material. A clean fuel source was attached to the airplane and the engine was started. Due to the propeller damage sustained in the crash, the engine was only run at an idle.

The FAA inspector reported that on October 28, 1998, he was present when the engine was placed on an engine test stand in Anchorage, Alaska. The engine produced full power. The FAA inspector also said further examination of the engine revealed some metal filings in the engine governor, and the oil pan.

The passenger on the accident flight is a certificated commercial pilot, and has extensive experience in the accident airplane make and model. He reported he was seated in the right seat, second row. During the first takeoff run, the engine surged. The pilot told the passenger that the surge was due to the propeller governor control. The pilot aborted the takeoff and taxied back for a second takeoff run. Further draining of the airplane's fuel system was not performed. The passenger did not notice any engine power check before the beginning of the second takeoff run.

Aircraft

Registration
N6874M
Reported as
Cessna 207A
Category
Airplane
Serial number
20700671
Airframe hours
14,681
Engine
Continental IO-520-F27B, 300 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Part 135
Operator
Hageland Aviation Services Inc
Registered owner
Gussik Ventures
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
100 hour · October 1, 1998 · 30 hours before
Departed
PKA
Destination
BET · Bethel, AK
Flight plan
Company VFR
Airport
PKA · Napaskiak, runway 19, 3,000 × 60 ft, gravel

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
61
Certificates
Airline transport, Commercial, Flight instructor
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Single-engine sea, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Seat
Left
Flight hours
15,542 total · 1,608 in this make and model · 13,102 as pilot in command · 205 in the last 90 days · 97 in the last 30 days · 4 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
60° at 7 knots
Visibility
60 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
34 °F, dew point 23 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg
Observed at
BET, 5 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.

Other investigations on N6874M · 1

Matched to the same aircraft by N-number and date.