ATL02LA029

NTSB accident investigation · Boeing 727-200 · Greenville, SC · January 3, 2002

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
January 2, 2002, 21:20 local (Jan 3, 2002, 02:20 UTC)
Place
Greenville, SC
Injuries
3 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Pushback/towing
Aircraft
N262FEBoeing 727-200
Weather
Instrument (IMC) · Night
Status
Completed · report July 25, 2002
Report
Approved by Office Director
Parties
Federal Express
FAA report
20020102017029A
Case key
53979

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The tug driver's failure to maintain control of the airplane during pushback resulting in the tug colliding with the airplane. A factor was ice on the ramp.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

On ground/water collision with objectTaxi - pushback/tow
Object - vehicleCause
Aircraft control - not maintainedDriver of vehicleCause
Terrain condition - icyFactor

Analysis

According to the Captain, during the first phase of pushback, everything appeared normal. The first and second officers were completing the engine start check and the airplane was being pushed back from the gate when the airplane came to a stop. The tug operator stated that during pushback, the airplane nose wheel hit a patch of ice. As he applies brakes to stop the tug, the airplane began to slide. Unable to stop the movement, the tug driver jumped from the tug to avoid getting caught between the tug and airplane. The tug came to rest lodged under the fuselage of the airplane creating a 10-inch by 14-inch hole in the underside of the fuselage breaking two stringers.

Factual narrative

On January 2, 2002, at 2120 eastern standard time, a Boeing 727-200, N262FE, owned and operated by Federal Express, collided with an airport tug during pushback for takeoff at the Greenville-Spartanburg Airport in Greenville, South Carolina. The domestic cargo flight was operated under the provisions of Title 14 CFR Part 121 with an IFR flight plan. Instrument weather conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The airline transport pilot and first and second officers were not injured nor was the tug driver, however the airplane received substantial damage.

According to the Captain, during the first phase of pushback, everything appeared normal. The first and second officers were completing the engine start check and the airplane was being pushed back from the gate when the airplane came to a stop. The tug operator stated that during pushback, the airplane nose wheel hit a patch of ice. As he applied brakes to stop the tug, the airplane began to slide. Unable to stop the movement, the tug driver jumped from the tug to avoid getting caught between the tug and airplane. The tug came to rest lodged under the fuselage of the airplane creating a 10-inch by 14-inch hole in the underside of the fuselage. The examination of the airframe revealed that two stringers on the bottom side were damaged. .

Witnesses stated that after deicing the airplane, the tug operator began to pushback the airplane. The parking area was clear of ice but the ramp was slick. The tug operator parked the airplane on the taxi line at a 90-degree angle from the tug and engaged the brakes. According to the operator, "due to the ice on the ramp, the momentum of the tug caused the tug to slide into the airplane."

Aircraft

Registration
N262FE
Reported as
Boeing 727-200
Category
Airplane
Serial number
21624
Airframe hours
44,864
Engines
P&W JT8D-15QM, 15,500 lbs thrust, turbo fanP&W JT8D-15QM, 15,500 lbs thrust, turbo fanP&W JT8D-15QM, 15,500 lbs thrust, turbo fan
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Part 121
Registered owner
Fedex Express Corporation
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Transport
Last inspection
Continuous airworthiness · December 21, 2001 · 25 hours before
Departed
GSP · Greenville, SC
Destination
MEM · Memphis, TN
Flight plan
IFR
Airport
GSP · Greer-Greenville Spartanburg

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 3

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
48
Injuries
None
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Last flight review
December 8, 2001
Seat
Left
Flight hours
1,773 total · 1,760 in this make and model · 29 in the last 90 days
Role
Co-pilot
Age
32
Injuries
None
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--no waivers/lim.
Last flight review
July 31, 2001
Seat
Right
Flight hours
1,691 total · 155 in this make and model · 155 in the last 90 days
Role
Flight engineer
Injuries
None
Certificate
Flight engineer
Medical
Unknown, Unknown
Seat
Rear

Weather

Conditions
Instrument (IMC) · Night
Wind
40° at 7 knots
Visibility
1 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
25 °F, dew point 25 °F
Altimeter
30.10 inHg
Observed at
GSP

Docket · 2

The files NTSB released with the investigation on July 11, 2002, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 395 KB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.