CEN12LA007

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-38-112 · Centerburg, OH · October 5, 2011

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
October 5, 2011, 12:00 local (16:00 UTC)
Place
Centerburg, OH
Injuries
2 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N6403APiper PA-38-112
Defining event
Enroute-descent: Loss of engine power (total)
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report December 27, 2011
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
FAA-COL-FSDO
FAA report
20111005023419A
Case key
82005

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's improper pre-flight planning and failure to ensure that there was an adequate fuel supply on board to complete the flight, which resulted in fuel exhaustion. Contributing to the accident was the malfunction of the fuel quantity indicator.

Findings · 3

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Fluids: fuelAircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Fluid levelPiper PA-38-112: 8 casesAll aircraft: 1,695 cases
Planning/preparation: fuel planningPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotPiper PA-38-112: 7 casesAll aircraft: 719 casesProbable cause
Fuel system: fuel indication systemAircraft › Aircraft systems · MalfunctionPiper PA-38-112: 1 caseAll aircraft: 30 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot reported that he visually checked the fuel level in the tanks and compared it against the fuel quantity gauges prior to the flight. He stated that the left tank contained about 6 gallons of fuel and the right tank contained about 10 gallons. Shortly after takeoff, the pilot switched the fuel selector from the left tank, which was indicating 1 to 2 gallons of fuel, to the right tank. The flight continued for another 50 minutes, and, during the descent to the destination airport, the engine lost power. The right fuel quantity indicator was indicating 5 gallons of fuel at the time. The pilot stated that when he switched the fuel selector back to the left tank in an attempt to restart the engine, the right fuel quantity indicator dropped to 0 gallons. The pilot was not able to restart the engine and force landed the airplane in a corn field. The nosegear collapsed during the landing, which resulted in substantial damage to the firewall. A postaccident inspection of the airplane revealed that both fuel tanks were empty and a small amount of fuel remained in the gascolator. The reason for the discrepancy of the right fuel quantity indicator versus the amount of fuel in the right fuel tank was not determined.

Factual narrative

On October 5, 2011, at 1200 eastern daylight time, a Piper PA-38-112, N6403A, experienced a nose gear collapse and substantial damage during an off airport forced landing following a loss of engine power in Centerburg, Ohio. The private pilot and passenger were not injured. The airplane, which was owned and operated by the pilot, was on a personal flight. The flight was being operated under 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 in visual meteorological conditions without a flight plan. The flight originated the Blue Ash Airport, Cincinnati, Ohio, at 1100. The pilot reported that he visually checked the fuel level in the tanks and compared it against the fuel quantity gauges prior to the flight. He stated the left tank contained about 6 gallons of fuel and the right tank contained about 10 gallons. The takeoff was made using fuel form the left fuel tank. Shortly after takeoff, he switched the fuel selector from the left tank, which was indicating 1 to 2 gallons of fuel, to the right tank. The flight continued for another 50 minutes and during the descent to the destination airport, the engine lost power. The right fuel quantity indicator was indicating 5 gallons of fuel at the time. The pilot stated that when he switched the fuel selector back to the left tank in an attempt to restart the engine, the right fuel quantity indicator dropped to zero gallons. The pilot was not able to restart the engine and a forced landing was made in a corn field. The nose gear collapsed and the firewall was bent during the landing. A postaccident inspection of the airplane revealed both fuel tanks were empty and a small amount of fuel remained in the gascolator. The pilot stated he did not recall when the airplane was last fueled. The reason for the discrepancy of the right fuel quantity indicator versus the amount of fuel in the right fuel tank was not determined.

Aircraft

Registration
N6403A
Reported as
Piper PA-38-112
Category
Airplane
Serial number
38-78A0419
Airframe hours
5,163
Engine
Lycoming O-235-L2C, 112 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
Whittenburg Douglas M
Registered owner
Whittenburg Douglas M
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · January 5, 2011 · 8 hours before
Departed
ISZ · Blue Ash, OH
Destination
4I3 · Mt. Vernon, OH

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
56
Injuries
None
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
September 1, 2010
Seat
Left
Flight hours
379 total · 99 in this make and model · 352 as pilot in command · 2 in the last 90 days · 1 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
300° at 5 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
70 °F, dew point 54 °F
Altimeter
30.30 inHg
Observed at
4I3, 5 nm away

Docket · 3

The files NTSB released with the investigation on November 23, 2011, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 605 KB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.