CEN17LA341

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-28 · Ray, MI · May 27, 2017

Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
May 27, 2017, 11:35 local (15:35 UTC)
Place
Ray, MI
Injuries
1 serious
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Landing
Aircraft
N5584UPiper PA-28
Defining event
Landing-flare/touchdown: Hard landing
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report March 19, 2018
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
Federal Aviation Administration
FAA report
20170527009199A
Case key
95961

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's failure to maintain a proper approach speed, which resulted in in a hard landing and a runway excursion. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's decision to fly the airplane without an instructor onboard.

Findings · 2

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The private pilot (the owner of the airplane) was landing at the airport following a local flight. Witnesses reported that the airplane made several landing attempts, but, each time, the airplane was too fast or too high to land. On the last attempt, the airplane touched down hard and fast about halfway down the 2,495-ft-long runway. The airplane continued off the end of the runway, across a road, through a field, and struck several small trees and a tractor before coming to a stop. An examination of the airplane's systems revealed no pre-impact anomalies that contributed to the accident. A flight instructor who had previously flown with the pilot told the pilot that he should fly only with an instructor on board, and that he was not ready to fly the airplane alone. Thus, it is likely that the pilot did not have the necessary experience to conduct a successful landing in the airplane.

Factual narrative

On May 27, 2017, about 1135 eastern daylight time, a Piper PA-28-140, N5584U, impacted trees, terrain, and a tractor near Ray Township, Michigan. The private pilot on board sustained serious injuries and the airplane was substantially damaged. The airplane was owned and operated by the pilot under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91 as a personal flight. No flight plan was filed and day visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident. The pilot was landing at the Ray Community Airport following a 20 minute local flight. On his first attempt to land, he was high on the approach and elected to go around. On the second landing attempt, the pilot said he was long. He said he applied throttle and lost consciousness. Witnesses reported that the pilot made several landing attempts, but each time the airplane was too fast or too high to land. On the last attempt, the airplane touched down fast about halfway down the 2,495' runway. The airplane skipped, floated, and impacted the runway nose gear first about 1/4 the distance from the end, breaking the nose gear. The airplane bounced and departed the east end of the runway. The airplane continued across a gravel road, through a field, and then struck several small trees and a farm tractor before coming to a stop. The pilot's flight instructor said the pilot was not competent to operate the airplane. He had previously flown with the pilot and said that his traffic patterns, approaches and landings were very substandard for the certificate he held. The flight instructor discussed this with the pilot following their last flight together, and told the pilot he needed a lot of practice and should be flying with a competent pilot or instructor. The airplane sustained substantial damage to both wings, the engine and propeller, the engine cowling, and forward fuselage. The nose landing gear was broken aft and the left main landing gear was bent inboard. Flight control continuity was confirmed. An examination of the airplane's engine, and other systems revealed no pre-impact anomalies that contributed to the accident.

Aircraft

Registration
N5584U
Reported as
Piper PA-28 (140)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
28-26314
Built
1969
Airframe hours
3,715
Engine
Lycoming 0-320 SERIES, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · July 1, 2016
Departed
57D · Ray, MI
Destination
57D · Ray, MI
Airport
57D · Ray Community Airport, runway 9, 2,495 × 60 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
73
Injuries
Serious
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
September 10, 2016
Seat
Left
Flight hours
210 total · 50 in this make and model · 150 as pilot in command

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
150° at 5 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
66 °F, dew point 59 °F
Altimeter
29.89 inHg
Observed at
KMTC, 8 nm away

Docket · 7

The files NTSB released with the investigation on October 27, 2017, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 4.5 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.