CEN20CA274

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA32 · Springfield, OH · July 11, 2020

Accident · No injuriesClass 4 · Data collectionFinal report
Date
July 11, 2020, 00:02 local (04:02 UTC)
Place
Springfield, OH
Injuries
2 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Landing
Aircraft
N22111Piper PA32
Defining event
Landing: Fuel exhaustion
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Night
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 4 - Basic report with no Prelim publish
NTSB office
Central Region
Parties
FAA FSDO
FAA report
20200711010969A
Case key
101578

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot’s inadequate inflight planning that resulted in a loss of engine power due to fuel exhaustion.

Findings · 4

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Fluids: fuelAircraft › Fluids/misc hardware · Fluid managementAll aircraft: 1,695 casesProbable cause
Planning/preparation: fuel planningPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotAll aircraft: 719 casesProbable cause
Info processing/decision: identification/recognitionPersonnel issues › Action/decision · PilotAll aircraft: 559 casesProbable cause
Convective weather: thunderstormEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Decision related to conditionAll aircraft: 100 cases

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

While en route to the destination airport, the airplane’s engine lost power. The pilot switched fuel tanks and was able to restore engine power but the engine lost power a second time. The pilot was unable to glide the airplane to the runway and the airplane collided with trees short of the runway. The left wing separated from the fuselage and the right outboard fuel tank separated from the wing resulting in substantial damage. A review of the pilot’s preflight fuel calculations found that the pilot estimated that the airplane had 70 gallons of fuel onboard for the flight. Using an electronic flight bag, the pilot calculated the direct route of flight would be 430 nautical miles (nm), last an estimated 3 hours and 17 minutes, and require about 50 gallons of fuel, assuming 15 gallons per hour as stated in the pilot operating handbook. After departure, the flight required several course deviations and altitude deviations due to weather, which resulted in the flight lasting over an hour longer than planned. The altitude deviations required additional fuel burn that was not included in the calculations. While in flight, the pilot considered his fuel remaining about 170 nm from his intended destination, but estimated he had enough fuel to make his destination. The pilot stated that there were no mechanical anomalies with the airplane or engine that would have precluded normal operations.

Aircraft

Registration
N22111
Reported as
Piper PA32 (300)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
32-7840190
Built
1978
Airframe hours
2,916.8
Engine
Lycoming IO-540-K1G5, 300 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
Private Individual
Registered owner
Macearlray Inc
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · February 18, 2020 · 85.4 hours before
Departed
26N · Ocean City, NJ
Destination
SGH · Springfield, OH
Flight plan
VFR
Airport
SGH · Springfield-Beckley Muni, runway 24, 9,010 × 150 ft, asphalt
Equipment
ADS-B, Electronic flight bag or handheld device, Onboard weather, Stall warning system

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
52
Injuries
None
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, With waivers/limitations
Seat
Left
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
228.5 total · 105.5 in this make and model · 142.6 as pilot in command · 75.6 in the last 90 days · 36.9 in the last 30 days · 8.7 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Night
Wind
250° at 6 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
68 °F, dew point 63 °F
Altimeter
29.85 inHg
Observed at
KSGH, 2 nm away

Docket · 3

The files NTSB released with the investigation on July 23, 2021, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 1.0 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.