DCA06MA010

NTSB accident investigation · Grumman G-73T · Miami, FL · December 19, 2005

Accident · FatalClass 1 · MajorFinal report
Date
December 19, 2005, 14:39 local (19:39 UTC)
Place
Miami, FL
Injuries
20 fatal
Damage
Destroyed
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N2969Grumman G-73T
Weather
Visual (VMC)
Status
Completed · report August 30, 2007
Report
Board-adopted at Board Meeting
Investigation class
Class 1
NTSB office
Major Investigations Division
Parties
AAI-100
Safety recommendations
Yes
FAA report
20051219032779A
Case key
62962

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The in-flight failure and separation of the right wing during normal flight, which resulted from (1) the failure of the Chalk's Ocean Airways maintenance program to identify and properly repair fatigue cracks in the right wing and (2) the failure of the Federal Aviation Administration to detect and correct deficiencies in the company's maintenance program.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Airframe/component/system failure/malfunctionClimb - to cruise
Wing - failure,totalCause
Maintenance - inadequateCompany maintenance personnelCause
Procedure inadequateCompany/operator managementCause
Inadequate surveillance of operationFaa(organization)Cause
In flight collision with terrain/waterDescent - uncontrolled
Terrain condition - ground

Analysis

The Safety Board's full report is available at http://www.ntsb.gov/publictn/publictn.htm. The Aircraft Accident Report number is NTSB/AAR-07/04.

On December 19, 2005, about 1439 eastern standard time, a Grumman Turbo Mallard (G-73T) amphibious airplane, N2969, operated by Flying Boat, Inc., doing business as Chalk's Ocean Airways flight 101, crashed into a shipping channel adjacent to the Port of Miami, Florida, shortly after takeoff from the Miami Seaplane Base. Flight 101 was a regularly scheduled passenger flight to Bimini, Bahamas, with 2 flight crewmembers and 18 passengers on board. The airplane's right wing separated during flight. All 20 people aboard the airplane were killed, and the airplane was destroyed. Flight 101 was operating under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 121 on a visual flight rules flight plan. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident.

Factual narrative

The Safety Board's full report is available at http://www.ntsb.gov/publictn/publictn.htm. The Aircraft Accident Report number is NTSB/AAR-07/04.

On December 19, 2005, about 1439 eastern standard time, a Grumman Turbo Mallard (G-73T) amphibious airplane, N2969, operated by Flying Boat, Inc., doing business as Chalk's Ocean Airways flight 101, crashed into a shipping channel adjacent to the Port of Miami, Florida, shortly after takeoff from the Miami Seaplane Base (X44). Flight 101 was a regularly scheduled passenger flight to Bimini, Bahamas, with 2 flight crewmembers and 18 passengers on board. The airplane's right wing separated during flight. All 20 people aboard the airplane were killed, and the airplane was destroyed. Flight 101 was operating under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 121 on a visual flight rules flight plan. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident.

On the day of the accident, the accident flight crew flew the airplane from Fort Lauderdale/Hollywood International Airport (FLL) in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, to X44 as Chalk's Ocean Airways flight 110. According to the flight log, the airplane departed FLL about 1305 and landed at X44 about 1321.

The airplane departed X44 on the accident flight about 1438 and crashed into the water about 1 minute later. Of about 15 witnesses interviewed, most reported that the airplane's right wing separated from the rest of the airplane in flight, that smoke or fire came from the wing or a fireball in the sky, and that the airplane subsequently descended into the water. About one-half of these witnesses reported that they heard an explosion associated with the wing separation.

Most of the wreckage was located in about 30 feet of water. Lifeguards who patrolled Miami Beach on foot and on jet skis were the first to respond to the accident scene. Miami emergency dispatch notified the Miami Coast Guard and the Miami Beach Police Department by telephone about the accident. The Miami Coast Guard log showed that the Miami Coast Guard launched an HH-65 helicopter to the accident scene about 7 minutes after receiving notification of the accident and began recovery efforts about 6 minutes afterward.

Aircraft

Registration
N2969
Reported as
Grumman G-73T
Category
Airplane
Serial number
J27
Airframe hours
31,226.3
Engines
Pratt & Whitney Canada PT6, 550 horsepower, turbo propPratt & Whitney Canada PT6, 550 horsepower, turbo prop
Damage
Destroyed
Fire
In-Flight
Flight
Part 121
Operator
Flying Boat Inc, doing business as Chalks Ocean Airways
Registered owner
Seaplane Adventures LLC
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Transport; Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Continuous airworthiness · November 1, 2005 · 11 hours before
Departed
X44 · Miami, FL
Destination
Bimini
Flight plan
VFR
Airport
X44 · Miami Seaplane Base

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
37
Injuries
Fatal
Certificates
Airline transport, Flight instructor
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land, Multi-engine sea, Single-engine sea
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1
Last flight review
August 1, 2005
Seat
Left
Flight hours
2,830 total · 1,630 in this make and model · 1,330 as pilot in command · 203 in the last 90 days · 85 in the last 30 days · 3 in the last 24 hours
Role
Co-pilot
Age
34
Injuries
Fatal
Certificate
Airline transport
Medical
Class 1
Last flight review
November 1, 2005
Seat
Right
Flight hours
1,420 total · 71 in this make and model · 1,200 as pilot in command · 71 in the last 90 days · 58 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC)
Visibility
7 statute miles
Temperature
72 °F
Observed at
mia

Docket · 44

The files NTSB released with the investigation on June 22, 2006, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports.

Operations 2 - Factual Report of Group ChairmanItem 1 · .PDF · 32 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 1 - Interview SummariesItem 2 · .PDF · 39 KBOperations 2 - Addendum 1Item 3 · .PDF · 284 KBOperations 2 - Addendum 2Item 4 · .PDF · 15 KBOperations 2 - Addendum 3 Flight LogsItem 5 · .PDF · 9.7 MBSurvival Factors 6 - Factual Report of Group ChairmanItem 6 · .PDF · 141 KBSurvival Factors 6 - Attachment 1Item 7 · .PDF · 292 KBSurvival Factors 6 - Attachment 2, PhotosItem 8 · .PDF · 13 photos · 4.0 MBSurvival Factors 6 - Attachment 3, Injury ChartItem 9 · .PDF · 35 KBSurvival Factors 6 - Attachment 4, CG LogItem 10 · .PDF · 483 KBStructures 7 - Attachment A, PhotographsItem 11 · .PDF · 4.6 MBStructures 7 - Attachment B, Aircraft InformationItem 12 · .PDF · 359 KBStructures 7 - Attachment C, FAA Forms 337 and 8110 Repair Analysis and Drawings for N14PA and N2969Item 13 · .PDF · 831 KBPowerplants 8 - Factual Report of Group ChairmanItem 14 · .PDF · 4 photos · 387 KBSystems 9 - Factual Report of Group ChairmanItem 15 · .PDF · 8 photos · 7.0 MBMaintenance Records 11 - Factual Addendum REVISION AItem 16 · .PDF · 67 KBMaintenance Records 11 - Attachment 1 - Operator CertificatesItem 17 · .PDF · 172 KBMaintenance Records 11 - Attachment 2 - STCItem 18 · .PDF · 1.2 MBMaintenance Records 11 - Attachment 3 - Airplane Flight LogsItem 19 · .PDF · 1.1 MBMaintenance Records 11 - Attachment 4 - Weight and BalanceItem 20 · .PDF · 492 KBMaintenance Records 11 - Attachment 5 - Major Repair and AlterationsItem 21 · .PDF · 1.4 MBMaintenance Records 11 - Attachment 6 - Method of Record KeepingItem 22 · .PDF · 107 KBMaintenance Records 11 - Attachment 7 - Procedural IssuesItem 23 · .PDF · 287 KBMaintenance Records 11 - Attachment 8 - AC 43.13-1BItem 24 · .PDF · 130 KBMaintenance Records 11 - Attachment 9 - Aging Airplane Safety InspectionItem 25 · .PDF · 410 KBMaintenance Records 11 - Principal Maintenance Inspector InterviewItem 26 · .PDF · 24 KBMaintenance Records 11 - Maintenance Supervisor InterviewItem 27 · .PDF · 25 KBCockpit Voice Recorder 12 - Specialist's Factual ReportItem 28 · .PDF · 15 KBCockpit Voice Recorder 12 - Addendum 1Item 29 · .PDF · 45 KBHuman Performance 14 - Factual Report of Group ChairmanItem 30 · .PDF · 93 KBHuman Performance 14 - Attachment 1Item 31 · .PDF · 22 KBHuman Performance 14 - Attachment 2Item 32 · .PDF · 40 KBMaterials Laboratory 15 - Factual Report 06-010Item 33 · .PDF · 56 photos · 22.4 MBMaterials Laboratory 15 - Factual Addendum 06-010BItem 34 · .PDF · 12 photos · 3.4 MBMaterials Laboratory 15 - Factual Report 06-042, Z-Stringer from N632SSItem 35 · .PDF · 6 photos · 3.0 MBVideo/Image Factual ReportItem 36 · .PDF · 17 photos · 1.9 MBReports from Parties to the Investigation - Chalk's Ocean AirwaysItem 37 · .PDFReports from Parties to the Investigation - Frakes Aviation and Grumman Mallard Owners Association combined submissionItem 38 · .PDF · 3.2 MBMiscellaneous - CASS and Non-routine DocumentsItem 39 · .PDF · 315 KBGrumman Mallard Customer BulletinsItem 40 · .PDF · 114 KBMiscellaneous - Documents Discussed at Board MeetingItem 41 · .PDF · 1.3 MBCorrespondence - MC#2070234Item 42 · .PDF · 194 KBCorrespondence - MC#2070266Item 43 · .PDF · 174 KBResearch Report - FAA Oversight of Financially Distressed CarriersItem 44 · .PDF · 723 KB

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.

Other investigations on N2969 · 3

Matched to the same aircraft by N-number and date.