DEN03IA054

NTSB incident investigation · Embraer EMB-120ER · Cedar City, UT · March 17, 2003

Incident · No injuriesIncident investigationFinal report
Date
March 16, 2003, 22:45 local (Mar 17, 2003, 05:45 UTC)
Place
Cedar City, UT
Injuries
15 uninjured
Damage
Minor damage
Phase of flight
Takeoff
Aircraft
N214SWEmbraer EMB-120ER
Weather
Instrument (IMC) · Night/dark
Status
Completed · report January 24, 2005
Report
Approved by Office Director
Parties
Federal Aviation Administration
FAA report
20030316003669I
Case key
56693

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the incident.

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Probable cause

the captain's failure to maintain directional control during takeoff. Factors contributing to the accident were the crew's diverted attention, the snow and slush-covered runway, the fog, and the runway marker.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

On ground/water collision with objectTakeoff - roll/run
Diverted attentionFlightcrewFactor
Aircraft control - not maintainedPilot in commandCause
Object - airport sign/markerFactor
Airport facilities,runway/landing area condition - snow coveredFactor
Airport facilities,runway/landing area condition - slush coveredFactor
Weather condition - fogFactor
On ground/water encounter with terrain/waterTakeoff - roll/run

Analysis

The captain reported they coordinated with ATC to expedite their takeoff due to the poor weather conditions. Following de-icing, the crew taxied the airplane from the ramp to the runway and began their takeoff roll. The captain said that everything was fine initially. When the airplane passed the 7,000 foot remaining marker, it began tracking left. The captain said he tried to correct the situation with rudder and differential power, but the airplane continued to track left. The captain said, "I lost control of the situation when the left mains got into the soft earth at the edge of the runway." The first officer reported that just after they had advanced the power levels forward, the Ice Condition light illuminated. The first officer notified the captain. The first officer stated that the airplane was pulling to the left. The first officer said the captain was attempting to correct the condition when the airplane pulled hard left. The airplane was straddling the runway lights. The first officer said the captain aborted the takeoff. The first officer said that with braking, they slid off the runway and slowly spun to the left leaving the airplane facing east when it stopped. The airport manager reported that at the time of the incident, the runway was covered with 1 to 1-1/2 inches of snow and slush. An examination of the airplane's tire tracks in the snow showed the airplane began its takeoff roll to the left of the runway centerline. The tracks proceeded further left of centerline as they proceeded down the runway until they were off the left side of the runway. An examination of the airplane revealed no anomalies. The reported weather at the time of the incident was ceilings 400 feet broken, 1,100 feet overcast, visibility 1/2 mile, snow and fog, temperature and dew point 32 degrees F, and an altimeter setting of 29.59 inches of Mercury.

Factual narrative

On March 16, 2003, at 2245 mountain standard time, an Embraer EMB-120ER, N214SW, operating as SkyWest Airlines Flight 3622, and piloted by an airline transport pilot, sustained minor damage during takeoff roll, when the airplane departed the left side of runway 20 (7,802 feet by 150 feet, slush/snow-covered, asphalt) at the Cedar City Municipal Airport (CDC), Cedar City, Utah, and struck a runway remaining marker before coming to a stop. Night instrument meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the incident. The scheduled, domestic, passenger service flight was being conducted on an instrument flight rules flight plan from CDC to St. George, Utah, under the provisions of Title 14 CFR Part 121. The captain, first officer, flight attendant, and 12 passengers reported no injuries. The flight was originating at the time of the incident.

The captain reported they were due to takeoff at 2136. The airplane was delayed approximately 17-18 minutes at the end of the runway awaiting clearance. During that time, approximately 1/4-inch of snow had accumulated on the airplane. The captain reported they went back to the ramp area to be de-iced. While being de-iced, the captain reported they coordinated with air traffic control to expedite their departure. The captain reported they taxied from the ramp to the runway and began the takeoff roll. The captain said that everything was fine initially. When they passed the 7,000 foot remaining marker, the airplane began tracking left. The captain said he tried to correct the situation with rudder and differential power, but the airplane continued to track left. The captain said, "I lost control of the situation when the left mains got into the soft earth at the edge of the runway."

The first officer reported that just after they had advanced the power levels forward, the Ice Condition light illuminated. The first officer notified the captain and noticed that the airplane was pulling to the left. The first officer said the captain was attempting to correct the condition when the airplane pulled hard left. The airplane was straddling the runway lights. The first officer said the captain then aborted the takeoff. The first officer said that with braking, they slid off the runway and slowly spun to the left leaving the airplane facing east when it stopped.

The airport manager reported that at the time of the incident, the runway was covered with 1 to 1-1/2 inches of snow. He said the bottom 1/4 inch of the snow was slush. The airport manager said he verified the runway lights were on and bright and the signs were lit. The airport manager said he examined the tire tracks in the snow and reported the airplane began its takeoff roll to the left of the runway centerline. The airport manager reported the tire tracks proceeded further left of centerline as they proceeded down the runway until they were off the left side of the runway.

The airplane came to a stop just off of the left side of runway 20, approximately 2,400 feet down. An examination of the airplane showed that both propellers' blades were torsionally bent and curled at the tips. The rotating beacon on the bottom of the airplane's fuselage was broken aft. Fuselage skin in the vicinity of the beacon was torn and wrinkled. There were also several punctures in the lower fuselage skin. An examination of the airplane's systems revealed no anomalies.

The reported weather at CDC at the time of the incident was ceilings 400 feet broken, 1,100 feet overcast, visibility 1/2 mile, snow and fog, temperature and dew point 32 degrees Fahrenheit, and an altimeter setting of 29.59 inches of Mercury.

Aircraft

Registration
N214SW
Reported as
Embraer EMB-120ER
Category
Airplane
Serial number
120280
Airframe hours
24,773.8
Engines
Pratt & Whitney 118B, 1,800 horsepower, turbo propPratt & Whitney 118B, 1,800 horsepower, turbo prop
Damage
Minor damage
Flight
Part 121
Registered owner
Skywest Airlines, Incorporated
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Transport
Last inspection
Continuous airworthiness · March 15, 2003
Departed
CDC · Cedar City, UT
Destination
SGU · St. George, UT
Flight plan
IFR
Airport
CDC · Cedar City Regional Airport, runway 20, 8,653 × 150 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
57
Injuries
None
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Last flight review
January 20, 2003
Seat
Left
Flight hours
11,257 total · 9,379 in this make and model · 2,209 as pilot in command · 259 in the last 90 days · 78 in the last 30 days · 7 in the last 24 hours
Role
Co-pilot
Age
35
Injuries
None
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Last flight review
February 17, 2003
Seat
Right
Flight hours
1,872 total · 892 in this make and model · 195 in the last 90 days · 68 in the last 30 days · 7 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Instrument (IMC) · Night/dark
Wind
Calm
Visibility
0.5 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
400 ft broken
Temperature
32 °F, dew point 32 °F
Altimeter
29.59 inHg
Observed at
CDC, 1 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.