DEN05MA029

NTSB accident investigation · Canadair CL-600-2A12 · Montrose, CO · November 28, 2004

Accident · FatalClass 1 · MajorFinal report
Date
November 28, 2004, 09:55 local (16:55 UTC)
Place
Montrose, CO
Injuries
3 fatal, 3 serious
Damage
Destroyed
Phase of flight
Takeoff
Aircraft
N873GCanadair CL-600-2A12
Weather
Instrument (IMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report May 3, 2006
Report
Board-adopted at Board Meeting
Investigation class
Class 1
Parties
Bombardier, Jet Alliance/Air Castle Worldwide Executive Jet Ch, General Electric, Montrose Regional Airport, National Transportation Safety Board, Transportation Safety Board of Canada, Transportation Safety Board Of Canada, Federal Aviation Administration, Air Castle Worldwide Executive Jet Charter, Transport Canada, Montrose Police Department, Federal Avation Administration, Montrose City/County Coroner
Safety recommendations
Yes
FAA report
20041128031429A
Case key
60616

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

the flight crew's failure to ensure that the airplane’s wings were free of ice or snow contamination that accumulated while the airplane was on the ground, which resulted in an attempted takeoff with upper wing contamination that induced the subsequent stall and collision with the ground. A factor contributing to the accident was the pilots’ lack of experience flying during winter weather conditions.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

On ground/water encounter with weatherTakeoff
Weather condition - icing conditionsFactor
Airframe - iceCause
Loss of control - in flightTakeoff - initial climb
Aircraft control - not maintainedFlightcrew
Lack of total experienceFlightcrewFactor
Stall/mush - encounteredFlightcrewCause
In flight collision with terrain/waterDescent - uncontrolled
Terrain condition - ground

Analysis

On November 28, 2004, about 0958 mountain standard time, a Canadair, Ltd., CL-600-2A12, N873G, registered to Hop-a-Jet, Inc., and operated by Air Castle Corporation dba Global Aviation as Glo-Air flight 73, collided with the ground during takeoff at Montrose Regional Airport (MTJ), Montrose, Colorado. The on-demand charter flight was operated under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 135 on an instrument flight rules (IFR) flight plan. Instrument meteorological conditions prevailed, and snow was falling. Of the six occupants on board, the captain, the flight attendant, and one passenger were killed, and the first officer and two passengers were seriously injured. The airplane was destroyed by impact forces and postcrash fire. The flight was en route to South Bend Regional Airport (SBN), South Bend, Indiana.

The complete report of this accident investigation was adopted by the Safety Board on May 2, 2006, and is available on : http://www.ntsb.gov/publictn/2006/AAB0603.pdf

Factual narrative

On November 28, 2004, about 0958 mountain standard time, a Canadair, Ltd., CL-600-2A12, N873G, registered to Hop-a-Jet, Inc., and operated by Air Castle Corporation dba Global Aviation as Glo-Air flight 73, collided with the ground during takeoff at Montrose Regional Airport (MTJ), Montrose, Colorado. The on-demand charter flight was operated under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 135 on an instrument flight rules (IFR) flight plan. Instrument meteorological conditions prevailed, and snow was falling. Of the six occupants on board, the captain, the flight attendant, and one passenger were killed, and the first officer and two passengers were seriously injured. The airplane was destroyed by impact forces and postcrash fire. The flight was en route to South Bend Regional Airport (SBN), South Bend, Indiana.

The complete report of this accident investigation was adopted by the Safety Board on May 2, 2006, and is available on : http://www.ntsb.gov/publictn/2006/AAB0603.pdf

Aircraft

Registration
N873G
Reported as
Canadair CL-600-2A12
Category
Airplane
Serial number
3009
Airframe hours
14,316.6
Engines
General Electric CF34-3A2, 8,729 lbs thrust, turbo fanGeneral Electric CF34-3A2, 8,729 lbs thrust, turbo fan
Damage
Destroyed
Fire
On-Ground
Flight
Part 135
Operator
Air Castle Corporation, doing business as Hop-A-Jet Incorporated
Registered owner
Hop-A-Jet Incorporated
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Transport
Last inspection
Continuous airworthiness · November 1, 2004 · 8.9 hours before
Departed
MTJ · Montrose, CO
Destination
SBN · South Bend, IN
Flight plan
IFR
Airport
MTJ · Montrose Regional, runway 31, 7,500 × 100 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
50
Injuries
Fatal
Certificates
Airline transport, Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Last flight review
June 1, 2004
Seat
Left
Toxicology
Performed
Flight hours
12,396 total · 913 in this make and model · 10,851 as pilot in command · 165 in the last 90 days · 87 in the last 30 days · 2 in the last 24 hours
Role
Co-pilot
Age
30
Injuries
Serious
Certificates
Commercial, Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Last flight review
September 1, 2004
Seat
Right
Toxicology
Performed
Flight hours
1,586 total · 46 in this make and model · 76 in the last 90 days · 46 in the last 30 days · 2 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Instrument (IMC) · Day
Wind
Calm
Visibility
1.25 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
900 ft overcast
Temperature
30 °F, dew point 28 °F
Altimeter
29.67 inHg
Observed at
MTJ

Docket · 79

The files NTSB released with the investigation on March 29, 2006, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 43.0 MB in all.

Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident Report, NTSB Form 6120.1Item 1 · .PDF · 246 KBSupplement EItem 2 · .PDF · 83 KBSupplement SItem 3 · .PDF · 32 KBOperations 2 - Factual Report of Group ChairmanItem 4 · .PDF · 1 photo · 944 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 2 - Canadair Ltd, CL-600-2A12 AFM, Performance Data ExcerptsItem 5 · .PDF · 618 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 3 - Canadair Ltd, CL-600-2A12 AFM, Supplement 2Item 6 · .PDF · 244 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 4 - Canadair Ltd, CL-600-2A12 AFM, Limitations ExcerptsItem 7 · .PDF · 1.7 MBOperations 2 - Attachment 5 - Canadair Ltd, CL-600-2A12 AFM, Ice and Rain Protection Systems ExcerptsItem 8 · .PDF · 347 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 6 - Canadair Ltd, CL-600-2A12 AFM, Fuel System ExcerptsItem 9 · .PDF · 199 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 7 - Canadair Ltd, CL-600-2A12 AFM, Bleed Air System ExcerptsItem 10 · .PDF · 162 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 8 - Canadair Ltd, CL-600-2A12 AFM, Weight and Balance InformationItem 11 · .PDF · 370 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 9 - Captain's Flight and Duty RecordsItem 12 · .PDF · 1.1 MBOperations 2 - Attachment 10 - Captain's Flight and Duty RecordsItem 13 · .PDF · 644 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 11 - Captain's Pilot RecordsItem 14 · .PDF · 7.2 MBOperations 2 - Attachment 12 - Captain's Training RecordsItem 15 · .PDF · 1.2 MBOperations 2 - Attachment 13 - First Officer's Flight and Duty RecordsItem 16 · .PDF · 301 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 14 - First Officer's Personnel RecordsItem 17 · .PDF · 750 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 15 - First Officer's Training RecordsItem 18 · .PDF · 1.2 MBOperations 2 - Attachment 16 - Cabin Attendant Training Program Manual ExcerptsItem 19 · .PDF · 94 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 17 - Cabin Attendant Training RecordsItem 20 · .PDF · 68 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 18 - Weight and Balance Form 1Item 21 · .PDF · 121 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 19 - Weight and Balance Form 2Item 22 · .PDF · 49 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 20 - N873G Aircraft Flight Log ExcerptsItem 23 · .PDF · 193 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 21 - N873G Basic Operating WeightItem 24 · .PDF · 120 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 22 - Air Castle Corporation (ACC) Aircraft Charter ConfirmationItem 25 · .PDF · 166 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 23 - ACC Trip SheetItem 26 · .PDF · 88 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 24 - ACC Training Program Manual ExcerptsItem 27 · .PDF · 165 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 25 - ACC Standard Operating Procedures Manual ExcerptsItem 28 · .PDF · 614 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 26 - ACC SimuFlite QRH ExcerptsItem 29 · .PDF · 1.8 MBOperations 2 - Attachment 27 - ACC Operations Specifications ExcerptsItem 30 · .PDF · 67 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 28 - ACC Operations Manual ExcerptsItem 31 · .PDF · 252 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 29 - 14cfr135_345Item 32 · .PDF · 37 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 30 - 14cfr135_351Item 33 · .PDF · 48 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 31 - AC 135-17Item 34 · .PDF · 67 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 32 - Data for Winter Weather Experience StudyItem 35 · .PDF · 410 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 33 - Fueling RecordsItem 36 · .PDF · 164 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 34 - Additional Witness StatementsItem 37 · .PDF · 117 KBOperations 2 - Attachment 35 - Canadair Ltd, CL-600-2A12 AOM, Supplemntary Procedures Section 1Item 38 · .PDF · 3.8 MBMeteorology 5 - Factual Report of Group ChairmanItem 39 · .PDF · 456 KBWitness Statements and Telephone InterviewItem 40 · .PDF · 401 KBMaps or Charts of Accident Area, Wreckage DiagramsItem 41 · .PDF · 3.4 MBWeather Reports and RecordsItem 42 · .PDF · 22 KBATC TranscriptsItem 43 · .PDF · 344 KBAirworthiness DirectivesItem 44 · .PDF · 758 KBNTSB Safety AlertItem 45 · .PDF · 111 KBCorporate Organizational ChartItem 46 · .PDF · 39 KBCanadair CL-600-2A12, 3-Dimensional drawingItem 47 · .PDF · 27 KBAirplane Seating ConfigurationItem 48 · .PDF · 29 KBPassenger recollection of seatbelt usageItem 49 · .PDF · 88 KBVictim Location Chart (Post-Impact)Item 50 · .PDF · 18 KBMontrose Police Department ReportItem 51 · .PDF · 478 KBStatement of Party Representatives to NTSB InvestigationItem 52 · .PDF · 98 KBRelease of Aircraft Wreckage, NTSB Form 6120.15Item 53 · .PDF · 52 KBToxicological Reports and Subpoena Duces TecumItem 54 · .PDF · 189 KBPhoto #1 - Passerby photograph of airplane on fire moments after impactItem 55 · .PDF · 325 KBPhoto #2 - Ground scar and wreckage path is between VASI boxes. Witnesses were in buildings at far leftItem 56 · .PDF · 775 KBPhoto #3 - Departure end of runway, showing debris path. Airplane wreckage rests across road at the end of wreckage pathItem 57 · .PDF · 854 KBPhoto #4 - Left engineItem 58 · .PDF · 208 KBPhoto #5 - Right engineItem 59 · .PDF · 187 KBPhoto #6 - T-tail and empennageItem 60 · .PDF · 209 KB
All 79 files on NTSB’s docket

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.