ERA12CA015

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-18-150 · Elizabethton, TN · October 7, 2011

Accident · Minor injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
October 7, 2011, 18:15 local (23:15 UTC)
Place
Elizabethton, TN
Injuries
2 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Initial climb
Aircraft
N3491ZPiper PA-18-150
Defining event
Initial climb: Aerodynamic stall/spin
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report January 18, 2012
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Eastern Region Aviation
Parties
FAA/FSDO
FAA report
20111007021749A
Case key
82015

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The failure of the pilot to maintain airspeed during the initial climb after takeoff, which resulted in an aerodynamic stall.

Findings · 2

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Action: incorrect action performancePersonnel issues › Action/decision · Flight crewPiper PA-18-150: 12 casesAll aircraft: 1,386 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: airspeedAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedPiper PA-18-150: 24 casesAll aircraft: 1,681 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

After an unremarkable preflight inspection and preflight engine run-up, the pilot, who was a friend of the pilot/part owner in the passenger seat, departed with a short-field technique and entered a steep climb. He then pushed forward on the flight control stick to lower the nose to a straight and level flight attitude; the airplane then began to sink. The pilot pushed the control stick forward to gain airspeed and ensured that the engine was at full power. The left wing dipped, followed by the right wing, which dropped sharply. The pilot applied full left rudder and full left aileron, and the right wing started to recover; however, there was insufficient altitude and the airplane impacted the ground. Witnesses stated that they observed the airplane take off and climb in about a 45-degree nose-high attitude. They further stated that, as the airplane gained altitude, it struggled to gain airspeed as it climbed to about 100 feet above ground level. The wings dipped and wobbled before the airplane struck the ground.

Factual narrative

The pilot/part owner of the airplane decided to go fly with a pilot friend The preflight inspection and preflight ground run up check went unremarkable. The pilot elected to let the friend fly the airplane. The pilot flying stated that they departed with a short field technique climbing up to 150 feet above ground level (agl). He pushed forward on the flight control stick to lower the nose to a straight and level flight attitude. The airplane began to sink upon completion of the pushover maneuver. He pushed the control stick forward to gain airspeed; throttle at full engine power. The left wing dipped followed by the ring wing, which dropped off sharply. He applied full left rudder and full left aileron, the right wing started to recover; however, there was insufficient altitude and the airplane impacted the ground. Ground witnesses stated that they observe the airplane takeoff and climb in about a 45 degrees nose high attitude. As it gained altitude it struggled to gain airspeed. At its highest point of the climb, about 100 feet agl, the wings dipped to the right and then left; wobbling. The airplane began to nose down toward the right in a steep angle. The wings wobbled again. The nose of the airplane started to rise just before the right wing tip contacted the ground. The airplane then spun 180 degrees coming to a full stop on its right side.

Aircraft

Registration
N3491Z
Reported as
Piper PA-18-150
Category
Airplane
Serial number
18-7331
Engine
Lycoming O-320 SERIES, 150 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · June 9, 2011
Departed
0A9 · Elizabethton, TN
Destination
0A9 · Elizabethton, TN
Airport
0A9 · Elizabethton Municipal, runway 06, 4,529 × 70 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
62
Injuries
Minor
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine sea, Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, With waivers/limitations
Seat
Front
Flight hours
4,200 total · 0 in this make and model

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
60° at 6 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
75 °F, dew point 70 °F
Altimeter
30.07 inHg
Observed at
0A9

Docket · 3

The files NTSB released with the investigation on November 30, 2011, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 2.8 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.