ERA17CA295

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA 28-161 · Palatka, FL · August 25, 2017

Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
August 25, 2017, 10:30 local (14:30 UTC)
Place
Palatka, FL
Injuries
3 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Standing
Aircraft
N84175Piper PA 28-161
Defining event
Standing-engine(s) start-up: Fire/smoke (non-impact)
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report October 24, 2018
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Eastern Region Aviation
Parties
FAA/FSDO
FAA report
20170825012369I
Case key
95894

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The student pilot's overpriming of the engine and the flight instructor's delayed remedial action, which resulted in an engine fire.

Findings · 4

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Use of equip/info: use of equip/systemPersonnel issues › Task performance · Student/instructed pilotPiper PA-28-161: 12 casesAll aircraft: 1,391 casesProbable cause
Attention/monitoring: monitoring other personPersonnel issues › Psychological · Instructor/check pilotPiper PA-28-161: 2 casesAll aircraft: 200 casesProbable cause
Engine fuel and control: fuel control/carburetorAircraft › Aircraft power plant · Incorrect use/operationPiper PA-28-161: 4 casesAll aircraft: 195 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The flight instructor, student pilot, and pilot-rated passenger flew on a short cross-country instructional flight to practice stop-and-go landings. On the first landing, after touchdown, the student pilot reduced the engine power to idle, and the engine lost total power. The airplane stopped on the runway, and the student pilot noted that the electric fuel pump was still on from landing and that the mixture control was full forward. He tried to start the engine while he "pumped" the throttle, but it did not start. He stated he thought the engine was flooded, so he turned off the electric fuel pump and pulled the mixture control to the "off" position, but again the engine would not restart. He then pushed the mixture control back to full forward and tried to start the engine while pumping the throttle a couple more times, but the engine did not start. The student pilot then saw smoke coming out of the engine cowling and notified the flight instructor and passenger. The flight instructor performed the "engine fire on start checklist," told everyone to egress, and went to the cargo door to get the fire extinguisher while the passenger opened the engine cowling. When the flight instructor looked at the fire extinguisher, she noticed it was empty. The flight instructor and passenger noted that the fire was at the bottom of the engine around the carburetor and gaining in intensity. The passenger located a fire extinguisher at the airport's fixed-base operator, and when he returned, the engine compartment was fully engulfed by fire. Subsequently, the fire was extinguished by the portable extinguishers and the local fire department. Examination of the airplane revealed that the engine compartment, engine mounts, and firewall were substantially damaged by fire. The flight instructor reported no mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation.

Factual narrative

The flight instructor, student pilot, and pilot rated passenger flew on a short cross-country instructional flight to practice stop-and-go landings. On the first landing, after touch down, the student pilot reduced the engine power to idle and the engine lost total power. The airplane stopped on the runway and the student pilot initiated an engine start and noted that the electric fuel pump was still on from landing and the mixture control was full forward. He tried to start the engine while he "pumped" the throttle, but it did not start. He stated he thought the engine was flooded so he turned off the electric fuel pump and pulled the mixture control to the off position. Again, he unsuccessfully tried to restart the engine. He then pushed the mixture control back to the full forward position and tried to start the engine while pumping the throttle a couple more times, but the engine did not start. The student pilot then saw smoke coming out of the engine cowling and notified the flight instructor and passenger. The flight instructor performed the "engine fire on start checklist," told everyone to egress, and went to the cargo door to get the fire extinguisher while the passenger opened the engine cowling. When the flight instructor looked at the fire extinguisher, she noticed it was empty. The flight instructor and passenger noted that the fire was at the bottom of the engine around the carburetor and gaining in intensity. The passenger left, located a fire extinguisher at the airport's fixed base operator, and when he returned, the engine compartment was fully engulfed by fire. Subsequently, the fire was extinguished by the portable extinguishers and the local fire department. Examination of the airplane revealed that the engine compartment, engine mounts, and firewall was substantially damaged by fire. The flight instructor reported no mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation.

Aircraft

Registration
N84175
Reported as
Piper PA 28-161 (161)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
288116274
Built
1981
Airframe hours
6,928.9
Engine
Lycoming O-320-D3G, 160 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Fire
On-Ground
Flight
Instructional · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · August 25, 2017
Departed
SGJ · St Augustine, FL
Destination
28J · Palatka, FL
Airport
28J · Palatka Muni - Lt Kay Larkin F, runway 09, 6,000 × 100 ft, asphalt
Equipment
Stall warning system

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Flight instructor
Age
24
Injuries
None
Certificates
Commercial, Flight instructor
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
March 13, 2017
Seat
Right
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
522 total · 49 in this make and model · 361 as pilot in command · 94 in the last 90 days · 67 in the last 30 days
Role
Student pilot
Age
21
Injuries
None
Certificate
Student
Medical
Class 3, Without waivers/limitations
Seat
Left
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
64 total · 64 in this make and model · 11 as pilot in command · 64 in the last 90 days · 56 in the last 30 days · 2 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
100° at 7 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
84 °F, dew point 75 °F
Altimeter
29.97 inHg
Observed at
KSGJ, 26 nm away

Docket · 5

The files NTSB released with the investigation on September 17, 2018, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 5.0 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.