ERA19TA278

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 208 · Pepperell, MA · September 20, 2019

Accident · No injuriesClass 3Final report
Date
September 20, 2019, 12:30 local (16:30 UTC)
Place
Pepperell, MA
Injuries
2 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N895SFCessna 208
Defining event
Approach-VFR pattern final: Loss of control in flight
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 3
NTSB office
Eastern Region Aviation
Parties
FAA/FSDO
FAA report
20190920014529A
Case key
100315

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The pilot's loss of control when the airplane encountered a downdraft during landing approach, which resulted in a subsequent hard landing and gear collapse.

Findings · 3

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Performance/control parameters: descent rateAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedCessna 208B: 1 caseAll aircraft: 242 casesProbable cause
Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotCessna 208B: 19 casesAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause
Wind: downdraftEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operationCessna 208B: 1 caseAll aircraft: 178 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The commercial pilot, 10 skydivers, and 1 passenger departed on a skydiving flight. After the skydivers jumped, the pilot and passenger returned to the airport to land. The pilot stated that, during the landing, he encountered a sudden downdraft and the airplane dropped out of the air from about 10 to 15 ft above the runway. The airplane landed hard and the nose landing gear collapsed; the airplane slid to the right side of the runway, crossed the parallel runway, and impacted a tree. Examination of the airplane revealed that the left wing was bent up about 3 ft from the wing tip and the nose landing gear was fracture-separated. The pilot stated that there were no mechanical anomalies with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. Thus, it is likely that the pilot failed to maintain airplane control during the landing, which resulted in a hard landing.

Factual narrative

On September 20, 2019, about 1230 eastern daylight time, a Cessna 208B, N895SF, was substantially damaged during a hard landing at Pepperell Airport (26MA), Pepperell, Massachusetts. The commercial pilot and passenger were not injured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed, and no flight plan was filed for the skydiving flight that departed at 1215. The airplane was privately owned and operated under the provisions of Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91. According to the pilot, he was flying 10 skydivers and one passenger up to an altitude of 10,500 ft mean sea level. After the skydivers departed the airplane, the pilot returned to the airport and made a normal approach to land on runway 24. When the airplane was about 10-15 ft above the runway, he thought he encountered a sudden downdraft and the airplane just "dropped" out of the air and landed hard on the grass runway. The nose landing gear fractured off as the airplane slid to the right side of the runway and crossed the asphalt parallel runway. The airplane then contacted a small tree on the right wing that spun the airplane around. The left wing then contacted the ground and bent the last three ft of the wing tip up. The pilot stated there were no mechanical anomalies with the airplane at the time of the accident. Examination of the airplane by a Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector revealed that the left-wing tip was bent up from contact with the ground. The wing spar was bent, and the nose landing gear was fractured off. The single-engine, high-wing airplane was built in 1988, and equipped with a Pratt and Whitney PT6, 675 horsepower engine. The most recent 100-hour inspection was completed on September 5, 2019. At the time of accident, the airframe total time was 18,426.0 hours. The engine total time was 18,240.7 hours. The airplane flew 22.6 hours since the last 100-hour inspection. The pilot held a commercial pilot certificate, with ratings for airplane single-engine land, and airplane multi-engine land. He also held a flight instructor certificate with ratings for airplane single-engine and airplane multi-engine. His most recent FAA second class medical certificate was issued on June 4, 2019. He reported 3,837 total hours of flight experience at the time of the accident. A total of 400 hours were in this make and model.

Aircraft

Registration
N895SF
Reported as
Cessna 208 (B)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
208B0095
Built
1988
Airframe hours
18,426
Engine
Pratt & Whitney PT6A SERIES, 675 horsepower, turbo prop
Damage
Substantial damage
Fire
On-Ground
Flight
Skydiving · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
100 hour · September 5, 2019 · 23 hours before
Departed
26MA · Pepperell, MA
Destination
26MA · Pepperell, MA
Airport
26MA · Pepperell, runway 24, 2,820 × 25 ft, grass/turf
Equipment
Onboard weather, Auto-pilot, Stall warning system

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
66
Injuries
None
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
March 1, 2018
Seat
Left
Restraint
5-point
Flight hours
3,837 total · 400 in this make and model · 3,741 as pilot in command · 136 in the last 90 days · 49 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
Calm
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
63 °F, dew point 48 °F
Altimeter
30.20 inHg
Observed at
KASH, 5 nm away

Docket · 5

The files NTSB released with the investigation on October 24, 2019, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 5.8 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.