ERA20CA072

NTSB accident investigation · Beech 23 · Norfolk, VA · January 7, 2020

Accident · Minor injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
January 7, 2020, 12:18 local (17:18 UTC)
Place
Norfolk, VA
Injuries
2 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N24690Beech 23
Defining event
Approach-IFR final approach: Loss of control in flight
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report August 27, 2020
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Eastern Region Aviation
Parties
FAA/FSDO
FAA report
20200107000469A
Case key
100792

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot receiving instruction's failure to maintain airplane control during landing with a crosswind, which resulted in a bounced landing, and the flight instructor's delayed remedial action, which resulted in a loss of control during the go-around.

Findings · 6

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotBeech C23: 23 casesAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parametersAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedBeech C23: 2 casesAll aircraft: 1,269 casesProbable cause
Action: delayed actionPersonnel issues › Action/decision · Instructor/check pilotBeech C23: 4 casesAll aircraft: 894 casesProbable cause
Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · Instructor/check pilotBeech C23: 23 casesAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: directional controlAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedBeech C23: 10 casesAll aircraft: 3,958 casesProbable cause
Wind: crosswindEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operationBeech C23: 5 casesAll aircraft: 1,008 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The flight instructor reported that he was providing instruction to the private pilot who had recently purchased a share in the airplane. They had been practicing landings and had felt wind gusts on the previous landings. Just before the airplane touched down for the fifth practice landing, a wind gust lifted the left wing, and the airplane was pushed right. The pilot attempted to correct for the gust, but the airplane bounced on all three landing gear and became airborne. The instructor told the pilot to add power and go around. Another wind gust pushed the airplane further right, and the airplane was now "clearly in a loss of control state." The instructor took the controls, but the airplane was already in a full stall with full power and full flaps extended. The airplane impacted ground adjacent to the runway. The pilot stated that, when the airplane touched down, a wind gust pushed the airplane right. The instructor yelled for full power and said, "my airplane." The wind pushed the airplane further right and the airplane impacted a ditch and spun around on the propeller. The left-wing spar fitting sustained substantial damage. The underside of the fuselage aft of the firewall, the propeller, and the nosewheel were also damaged. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation.

Factual narrative

The flight instructor said he was providing instruction to the private pilot who had recently purchased a share in the airplane. They had been practicing landings on runway 23 and both had felt wind gusts on the previous landings. Just before the airplane touched down for its fifth practice landing, a gust of wind lifted the airplane's left wing and the airplane was pushed to the right. The private pilot attempted to correct for the gust and the airplane bounced on all three-landing gear and became airborne. The flight instructor told the private pilot to add power and go around. Another gust of wind pushed the airplane further to the right and the airplane was now "clearly in a loss of control state." The flight instructor took the controls, but the airplane was already in a full stall, with full power and full flaps extended. The airplane impacted the ground adjacent to the runway. The private pilot stated that when the airplane touched down a gust of wind pushed the airplane to the right. The flight instructor yelled for full power and said, "my airplane." The wind pushed the airplane further to the right and the airplane impacted a ditch and spun around on the propeller. The airplane's left main landing gear strut was bent aft, which resulted in substantial damage to the left wing spar fitting. The underside of the fuselage aft of the firewall, the propeller, and the nose wheel were also damaged. The private pilot reported there were no mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. Weather reported at the airport around the time of the accident included wind from 150° at 9 knots, 5 miles visibility, haze, and clear skies.

Aircraft

Registration
N24690
Reported as
Beech 23 (C23)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
M-1435
Built
1973
Airframe hours
2,583.45
Engine
Lycoming O-360, 180 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Instructional · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · August 1, 2019
Departed
CPK · Norfolk, VA
Destination
CPK · Norfolk, VA
Airport
CPK · Chesapeake Rgnl, runway 23, 5,500 × 100 ft, asphalt
Equipment
Electronic flight bag or handheld device

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
50
Injuries
Minor
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
BasicMed, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
March 26, 2018
Seat
Left
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
81 total · 2 in this make and model · 15 as pilot in command · 2 in the last 90 days · 2 in the last 30 days · 0 in the last 24 hours
Role
Flight instructor
Age
59
Injuries
Minor
Certificates
Private, Commercial, Flight instructor
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
March 6, 2018
Seat
Right
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
1,043 total · 1 in this make and model · 983 as pilot in command · 52 in the last 90 days · 21 in the last 30 days · 0 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
150° at 9 knots
Visibility
5 statute miles
Temperature
55 °F, dew point 36 °F
Altimeter
29.96 inHg
Observed at
CPK

Docket · 5

The files NTSB released with the investigation on June 10, 2020, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 4.4 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.