ERA23LA189

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 402 · Ft. Lauderdale, FL · April 9, 2023

Accident · No injuriesClass 3 · LimitedFinal report
Date
April 9, 2023, 16:11 local (20:11 UTC)
Place
Ft. Lauderdale, FL
Injuries
7 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Landing
Aircraft
N404PJCessna 402
Defining event
Landing-landing roll: Runway excursion
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed
Report
Approved by Office Director
Investigation class
Class 3
NTSB office
Eastern Region Aviation
Parties
FAA/FSDO
FAA report
20230409002969A
Case key
107043

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The pilot’s ineffective use of the airplane’s brakes, which resulted in a runway overrun.

Findings · 2

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Landing gear system: landing gear brakes systemAircraft › Aircraft systems · Incorrect use/operationCessna 402C: 1 caseAll aircraft: 92 casesProbable cause
Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotCessna 402C: 5 casesAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot of the multi-engine airplane was attempting to land on an 8,000-ft-long runway at the conclusion of an on-demand air taxi flight. He stated that the airplane touched down on the wet runway about midfield and the left brake did not work. The airplane subsequently travelled off the end of the runway into an engineered materials arresting system, where it came to rest upright. A postaccident examination of the airplane occurred in the pilot’s hangar 2 days after the accident. By that time, the pilot had begun repairs without authorization. The pilot stated that he removed and shipped the left brake assembly out for service; however, he could not provide the location of where the left brake assembly was sent. The examination also found that the left main landing gear tire displayed a large flat spot. Because left brake was not available for examination, its condition and functionality could not be evaluated. However, the large flat spot observed on the tire suggested that the brake was functioning, and that the wheel was likely skidding on the wet runway during the roll, and thus not able to effectively slow the airplane.

Factual narrative

On April 9, 2023, about 1611 eastern daylight time, a Cessna 402C, N404PJ, was substantially damaged when it was involved in an accident near Fort Lauderdale, Florida. The airline transport pilot and six passengers were not injured. The airplane was operated as a Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 135 on-demand air taxi flight. The flight originated from Lynden Pindling International Airport (MYNN), Nassau, Bahamas, about 1450, under visual flight rules, to Fort Lauderdale/Hollywood International Airport (FLL), Fort Lauderdale, Florida. The pilot reported that he was attempting to land on runway 10R, which was 8,000 ft long. He stated that the airplane touched down on the wet runway about midfield (between taxiways J5 and J7). The left brake “did not work,” and he did not want to apply too much right brake and lose directional control. The airplane subsequently travelled off the end of the runway into an engineered materials arresting system, where it came to rest upright. A Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) inspector stated that he traveled to FLL 2 days after the accident to examine the wreckage in a hangar. By that time, the pilot had begun repairs without authorization. The pilot stated that he removed and shipped the left brake assembly out for service; however, he could not provide the location of where the left brake assembly was sent. The inspector observed substantial damage to the airplane’s lower forward fuselage. He also noted a large flat spot on the left main landing gear tire and several cuts on the side walls of the tire. He observed that the left main landing gear brake hose was capped. It contained fluid and no evidence of leaks were observed.

Aircraft

Registration
N404PJ
Reported as
Cessna 402 (C)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
402C0513
Built
1981
Airframe hours
11,075
Engines
Continental TSIO-520-VB, 325 horsepower, reciprocatingContinental TSIO-520-VB, 325 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Part 135
Operator
First Class Air Charter LLC
Registered owner
First Class Air Charter LLC
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
100 hour · August 11, 2022 · 50 hours before
Departed
MYNN · Nassau, OF
Destination
Same as departure
Flight plan
VFR
Airport
FLL · Fort Lauderdale/Hollywood International Airport, runway 10R, 8,000 × 150 ft, concrete
Equipment
ADS-B

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
70
Injuries
None
Certificate
Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Single-engine sea
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
September 26, 2022
Seat
Left
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
19,269 total · 14,850 in this make and model · 19,126 as pilot in command · 227 in the last 90 days · 104 in the last 30 days · 2 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
10° at 9 knots
Visibility
2.5 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
3,800 ft broken
Temperature
72 °F, dew point 70 °F
Altimeter
29.96 inHg
Observed at
KFLL
METAR
SPECI KFLL 092015Z AUTO 01009KT 2 1/2SM R10L/4000VP6000FT VCTS BR FEW013 BKN038 OVC075 22/21 A2996 RMK AO2 LTG DSNT S AND W T02170206 PWINO

Docket · 5

The files NTSB released with the investigation on June 12, 2024, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 1.6 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.