GAA17CA202

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 182 · Mackay, ID · March 25, 2017

Accident · Minor injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
March 25, 2017, 14:00 local (20:00 UTC)
Place
Mackay, ID
Injuries
2 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Maneuvering
Aircraft
N52743Cessna 182
Defining event
Maneuvering-low-alt flying: Loss of lift
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report June 20, 2017
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
General Aviation Accidents
Parties
FAA
FAA report
20170325002219A
Case key
94912

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's decision to maneuver the airplane over mountainous terrain in high-density altitude conditions, which resulted in the airplane’s inability to maintain altitude or establish a climb.

Findings · 7

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Aircraft capability: climb capabilityAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Capability exceededCessna 182P: 3 casesAll aircraft: 183 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: altitudeAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Attain/maintain not possibleCessna 182P: 4 casesAll aircraft: 1,310 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: configurationAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Incorrect use/operationCessna 182P: 2 casesAll aircraft: 80 cases
Temp/humidity/pressure: high density altitudeEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operationCessna 182P: 4 casesAll aircraft: 278 cases
Terrain: mountainous/hilly terrainEnvironmental issues › Physical environment · Decision related to conditionCessna 182P: 5 casesAll aircraft: 329 cases
Terrain: high elevationEnvironmental issues › Physical environment · Decision related to conditionCessna 182P: 1 caseAll aircraft: 16 cases

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot reported that, while flying in mountainous terrain around 9,500 ft mean sea level (700 to 1,200 ft above the ground), the airplane encountered a downdraft. He added that he immediately turned away from the mountainside in a right turn, added full power, selected 10º of flaps, and pitched the nose up to maintain the airplane's maximum angle-of-climb airspeed (Vx). Subsequently, the airplane was unable to climb, and it then impacted wooded, snow-covered terrain along the mountainside. The fuselage and both wings sustained substantial damage. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. The calculated density altitude near the flightpath was about 10,339 ft. According to the Federal Aviation Administration Koch Chart, the airplane would have experienced a 50% decrease to the normal climb rate. The high-density altitude conditions likely contributed to the airplane's inability to establish a climb.

Factual narrative

The pilot reported that while flying in mountainous terrain around 9,500 ft. mean sea level (700 to 1,200 ft. above the ground), the airplane encountered a downdraft. He added that he immediately turned away from the mountainside in a right turn, added full power, selected 10º of flaps, and pitched the nose up to maintain the airplane's maximum angle of climb airspeed (Vx). Subsequently, the pilot was unable to establish a climb and impacted wooded snow covered terrain along the mountainside. The fuselage and both wings sustained substantial damage. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. The calculated density altitude near the flight path was about 10,339 ft. According to the Federal Aviation Administration Koch Chart, the airplane would have experienced a 50% decrease to the normal rate of climb.

Aircraft

Registration
N52743
Reported as
Cessna 182 (P)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
18262813
Built
1974
Airframe hours
12,213.3
Engine
Continental O-520U/TS, 280 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
Avcenter Inc.
Registered owner
Teton Leasing LLC.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · October 28, 2016
Departed
MAN · Nampa, ID
Destination
MAN · Nampa, ID
Equipment
Satellite tracking device

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
37
Injuries
Minor
Certificates
Flight instructor, Commercial
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
March 24, 2017
Seat
Left
Restraint
5-point
Flight hours
1,689 total · 76 in this make and model · 1,526 as pilot in command · 124 in the last 90 days · 47 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
150° at 4 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Temperature
45 °F, dew point 34 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg
Observed at
KSUN, 32 nm away

Docket · 6

The files NTSB released with the investigation on May 24, 2017, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 2.1 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.