- Date
- June 20, 2017, 14:15 local (21:15 UTC)
- Place
- El Cajon, CA
- Injuries
- 2 uninjured
- Damage
- Substantial damage
- Phase of flight
- Landing
- Aircraft
- N5424VCessna 172RG
- Defining event
- Landing: Landing gear not configured
- Weather
- Visual (VMC) · Day
- Status
- Completed · report October 17, 2017
- Report
- Approved by Office Director
- NTSB office
- General Aviation Accidents
- Parties
- FAA/ FSDO
- FAA report
- 20170620021749A
- Case key
- 95447
From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.
On this page
Probable cause
The pilot's failure to extend the landing gear with sufficient time to allow the landing gear to fully extend and the flight instructor's failure to visually check to see if the right main landing gear were extended.
Findings · 5
NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.
Sequence of events
The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.
Analysis
The flight instructor reported that, during a stage check for the commercial pilot training course, the private pilot student completed the "G.U.M.P. [gas, undercarriage, mixture, propeller] check" on downwind in the traffic pattern. He added that, before the turn to the base leg, "everything was normal, and the gear was selected down by the student." He added that he observed three green landing gear extended indication lights illuminated. He further added that, after a normal landing touchdown, when the airplane slowed to 40 knots in the ground roll, the right main landing gear collapsed, and the airplane veered off the runway to the right. He reported that he did not visually check to see if the right main landing gear were extended. The private pilot reported that, "on downwind we followed the G.U.M.P. checklist and verified that the landing gear were down. My instructor checked the right [main landing gear] and I checked the left [main landing gear]." He added that, on base, he "checked the landing lights with green [lights]." He further added that, after a normal touchdown, the right main landing gear collapsed, and the airplane veered off the runway to the right. The right elevator sustained substantial damage. The Federal Aviation Administration Aviation Safety Inspector performed a functional test of the airplane's landing gear system 1 day after the accident. The inspector observed the landing gear retracting, extending, and locking down into place "several times." He added that, during two gear extension cycles, he "simulated an air load on the right main landing gear by pulling back on it as it extended; the gear extended and locked down properly without discrepancies." According to a commercial pilot witness, while he was driving a car along an airport perimeter road, he had a "head-on-view of the aircraft landing." He added that he observed a "red and white C172RG" airplane on final approach that "appeared to not have the gear down." He added that he stopped his car and continued to watch the airplane, and as it passed off to his right, he observed the "front wheel" down and both main landing gear "hanging." He subsequently observed the airplane touch down on the left main landing gear first and then skid off the runway to the right. It is likely that the landing gear selector was moved to the "down" position on short final approach, which did not allow sufficient time for the right main landing gear to fully extend and lock into place.
Factual narrative
The flight instructor reported that, during a stage check for the commercial pilot training course, the private pilot student completed the "G.U.M.P. [gas, undercarriage, mixture, propeller] check" on downwind in the traffic pattern. He added that, before the turn to the base leg, "everything was normal, and the gear was selected down by the student." He added that he observed three green landing gear extended indication lights illuminated. He further added that, after a normal landing touchdown, when the airplane slowed to 40 knots in the ground roll, the right main landing gear collapsed, and the airplane veered off the runway to the right. He reported that he did not visually check the right main landing gear to see if it was extended. The private pilot reported that, "on downwind we followed the G.U.M.P.S checklist and verified the landing gear was down. My instructor checked the right [main landing gear] and I checked the left [main landing gear]." He added that, on base he "checked the landing lights with green [lights]." He further added that after a normal landing touchdown, the right main landing gear collapsed, and the airplane veered off the runway to the right. The right elevator sustained substantial damage. The Federal Aviation Administration Aviation Safety Inspector assigned to the accident performed a functional test of the accident airplane's landing gear system one day after the accident. The inspector observed the landing gear retracting, extending, and locking down into place "several times." He added that during two gear extension cycles, he "simulated an air load on the right main landing gear by pulling back on it as it extended; the gear extended and locked down properly without discrepancies." According to a commercial pilot witness, while he was driving a car along an airport perimeter road, he had a "head-on-view of the aircraft landing." He added that, he observed a "red and white C172RG" airplane on final approach that "appeared to not have the gear down." He added that, he stopped his car and continued to watch the airplane, and as it passed off to his right, he observed the "front wheel" down and both main landing gear were "hanging." He subsequently observed the airplane touch down on the left main landing gear first, and then skid off the runway to the right.
Aircraft
- Registration
- N5424V
- Reported as
- Cessna 172RG
- Category
- Airplane
- Serial number
- 172RG0528
- Built
- 1980
- Airframe hours
- 12,652
- Engine
- Lycoming O-360-A1A6, 180 horsepower, reciprocating
- Damage
- Substantial damage
- Flight
- Instructional · Part 91
- Operator
- California Flight Academy
- Registered owner
- Sorbi Aviation Inc.
- Airworthiness certificate
- Standard, Normal
- Last inspection
- 100 hour · April 27, 2017
- Departed
- SEE · El Cajon, CA
- Destination
- SEE · El Cajon, CA
- Airport
- SEE · Gillespie Field, runway 27R, 5,342 × 100 ft, asphalt
- Equipment
- None
Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.
Flight crew · 2
As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.
- Role
- Pilot
- Age
- 22
- Injuries
- None
- Certificate
- Private
- Airplane ratings
- Single-engine land
- Instrument ratings
- Airplane
- Medical
- Class 1, With waivers/limitations
- Seat
- Left
- Flight hours
- 238 total · 28 in this make and model · 117 as pilot in command · 48 in the last 90 days · 30 in the last 30 days · 1.6 in the last 24 hours
- Role
- Flight instructor
- Age
- 51
- Injuries
- None
- Certificates
- Flight instructor, Commercial
- Airplane ratings
- Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
- Instrument ratings
- Airplane
- Medical
- Class 3, Without waivers/limitations
- Last flight review
- March 27, 2016
- Seat
- Right
- Flight hours
- 6,800 total · 700 in this make and model · 5,000 as pilot in command · 320 in the last 90 days · 100 in the last 30 days · 9 in the last 24 hours
Weather
- Conditions
- Visual (VMC) · Day
- Wind
- 290° at 10 knots
- Visibility
- 10 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling
- None
- Temperature
- 93 °F, dew point 59 °F
- Altimeter
- 29.79 inHg
- Observed at
- KSEE
Docket · 5
The files NTSB released with the investigation on September 18, 2017, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 4.2 MB in all.
FAA reports on this event · 1
The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.