GAA18CA035

NTSB accident investigation · Smith Aerostar 600A · Tallahassee, FL · October 27, 2017

Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
October 27, 2017, 17:50 local (21:50 UTC)
Place
Tallahassee, FL
Injuries
3 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Initial climb
Aircraft
N211WSmith Aerostar 600A
Defining event
Initial climb: Loss of control in flight
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report February 21, 2018
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
General Aviation Accidents
Parties
FAA/ FSDO
FAA report
20171027021289A
Case key
96277

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's incorrect pitch control and premature landing gear retraction during the initial climb.

Findings · 4

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Action: incorrect action sequencePersonnel issues › Action/decision · PilotSmith AEROSTAR 600A: 1 caseAll aircraft: 77 casesProbable cause
Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotSmith AEROSTAR 600A: 1 caseAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: pitch controlAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Incorrect use/operationSmith AEROSTAR 600A: 1 caseAll aircraft: 526 casesProbable cause
Landing gear system: landing gear selectorAircraft › Aircraft systems · Incorrect use/operationSmith AEROSTAR 600A: 1 caseAll aircraft: 54 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot of the multiengine, retractable-landing-gear airplane reported that, during the initial climb, he "noted 105 IAS [indicated airspeed] as normal and reached down to retract the gear." He added that he "glanced down" to make sure he had grabbed the landing gear selector, and when he looked back outside, the airplane was "near the runway." He further added that he "pulled back hard on the yoke," but the propellers struck the runway, and the airplane then settled on the runway and skidded into the grass to the left. The pilot reported in the National Transportation Safety Board Form 6120.1 Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident/Incident Report Safety Recommendation section that the airplane was "not high enough above [the] ground to raise the gear," and he may have "relaxed back-pressure on the yoke after rotation," and when leaning slightly forward for the gear handle, the yoke may had been pushed forward slightly. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the fuselage. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. The Federal Aviation Administration's Airplane Flying Handbook stated, in part: Avoid premature landing gear retraction and do not retract the landing gear until a positive rate of climb is indicated on the flight instruments. If the airplane has not attained a positive rate of climb, there is always the chance it may settle back onto the runway with the gear retracted. This is especially so in cases of premature lift-off. Remember that leaning forward to reach the landing gear selector may result in inadvertent forward pressure on the yoke, which causes the airplane to descend.

Factual narrative

The pilot of the multi-engine, retractable landing gear airplane reported that, during the initial climb, he "noted 105 IAS [indicated airspeed] as normal and reached down to retract the gear." He added that he "glanced down" to make sure he had grabbed the landing gear selector, and when he looked back outside, the airplane was "near the runway." He further added that he "pulled back hard on the yoke," but the propellers struck the runway, the airplane settled on the runway, and skidded into the grass to the left. The pilot reported additional factors related to the accident on the National Transportation Safety Board Form 6120.1 Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident/Incident Report Safety Recommendation section. He added that the airplane was "not high enough above [the] ground to raise the gear," and he may have "relaxed back-pressure on the yoke after rotation," and when leaning slightly forward for the gear handle, the yoke may had been pushed forward slightly. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the fuselage. The pilot reported that there were no preaccident mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. The Federal Aviation Administration's Airplane Flying Handbook stated in part: Avoid premature landing gear retraction and do not retract the landing gear until a positive rate of climb is indicated on the flight instruments. If the airplane has not attained a positive rate of climb, there is always the chance it may settle back onto the runway with the gear retracted. This is especially so in cases of premature lift-off. Remember that leaning forward to reach the landing gear selector may result in inadvertent forward pressure on the yoke, which causes the airplane to descend.

Aircraft

Registration
N211W
Reported as
Smith Aerostar 600A (600)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
60-0460-153
Built
1977
Airframe hours
5,931.5
Engines
Lycoming IO-540-K1J5, 300 horsepower, reciprocatingLycoming IO-540-K1J5, 300 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · August 11, 2017
Departed
TLH · Tallahassee, FL
Destination
06A · Tuskegee, AL
Flight plan
IFR
Airport
TLH · Tallahassee Intl, runway 09, 8,000 × 150 ft, asphalt
Equipment
Auto-pilot, Angle of attack indicator, Stall warning system, Onboard weather, Handheld GPS, Electronic primary flight display, Electronic multifunction display, Electronic flight bag or handheld device

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
57
Injuries
None
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 3, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
October 27, 2016
Seat
Left
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
1,955 total · 204 in this make and model · 1,947 as pilot in command · 42 in the last 90 days · 14 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
180° at 7 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
25,000 ft broken
Temperature
72 °F, dew point 50 °F
Altimeter
30.00 inHg
Observed at
KTLH

Docket · 3

The files NTSB released with the investigation on January 25, 2018, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 8.8 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.