LAX08CA234

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 172M · Leavenworth, WA · July 20, 2008

Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
July 20, 2008, 12:05 local (19:05 UTC)
Place
Leavenworth, WA
Injuries
2 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Takeoff
Aircraft
N80849Cessna 172M
Defining event
Takeoff-rejected takeoff: Collision during takeoff/land
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report January 22, 2009
Report
Approved by Office Director
Parties
Federal Aviation Administration
FAA report
20080720840529A
Case key
68490

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's inadequate preflight planning and failure to attain a sufficient airspeed to continue the takeoff. A contributing factor was the high density altitude and short runway.

Findings · 5

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Airport facilities/design: runway/landing area lengthEnvironmental issues › Operating environment · Decision related to conditionCessna 172M: 2 casesAll aircraft: 34 casesProbable cause
Temp/humidity/pressure: high density altitudeEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Decision related to conditionCessna 172M: 4 casesAll aircraft: 278 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: airspeedAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedCessna 172M: 24 casesAll aircraft: 1,681 casesProbable cause
Planning/preparation: performance calculationsPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotCessna 172M: 2 casesAll aircraft: 114 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The airplane gained speed slowly and halfway down the runway lifted off in ground effect. The pilot noted the airspeed was about 50 knots. When the pilot realized that the airplane was not going to clear obstacles at the end of the runway, she aborted the takeoff and decided to land the airplane on the remaining runway. The airplane overran the end of the runway, traveled downhill, struck a pile of wood, nosed over and came to rest inverted. The pilot had configured the airplane for a short field takeoff with 10 degrees of flaps. The pilot had been to the airport before and had taken summer mountain flying courses. She stated that she over estimated the capabilities of the airplane under the existing altitude, runway conditions, and height of the trees at the end of the runway. The airport elevation was 1,939 feet. The closest weather reporting station indicated that the temperature was 28 degrees Celsius, and the density altitude was calculated to be 3,186 feet.

Factual narrative

According to the pilot, she performed a short field takeoff with 10 degrees of flaps. The airplane gained speed slowly, and halfway down the runway it lifted off in ground effect. The airplane continued to climb out between 50-55 knots. The pilot reported that the airplane was nearing the end of the runway and she knew that they were not going to gain enough altitude to climb over the trees at the end of the runway. She pulled the power and landed the airplane back on the runway "as quickly as possible." Immediately upon touchdown, she applied the brakes; however, the airplane overran the runway, went down a hill, and the landing gear collided with piles of firewood length logs and "logging slash," and nosed over coming to rest inverted. She further stated that the runway surface was a mixture of dirt, gravel, and some dry grass and weeds. The pilot reported in the recommendation on how the accident could have been prevented section of the National Transportation Safety Board Pilot/Operator Aircraft Accident/Incident Report (NTSB Form 6120.1), that she over estimated the capabilities of the airplane under the existing altitude, runway conditions, and height of trees at the end of the runway.

The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Airport Facility Directory reported that the Lake Wenatchee Airport, Leavenworth, Washington, runways are an east/west orientation (09/27). The runway length was 2,473 feet by a width of 100 feet, and constructed of turf. The airport elevation is 1,939 feet. It also indicated that prior to use the Washington State Aviation Division should be contacted for facility information. The Washington State Department of Transportation - Aviation division website: http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/aviation/AllStateAirports/Leavenworth_LakeWenatcheeState.htm reported that the airport had "some density altitude problem" that can be anticipated on hot summer days. It also noted that trees surround the airport, as well as trees in close proximity to both approach ends of the runway. The airport was identified as unattended.

The pilot was not able to recall the full weather for the area. However, the closest airport identified was the Pangborn Memorial Airport, Wenatchee, Washington, located 33 nautical miles southeast of the accident airport. The recorded Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) at 1155 indicated that the temperature was 28 degrees Celsius (82 degrees Fahrenheit) with a dew point of 08 degrees Celsius (46 degrees Fahrenheit), and an altimeter of 29.88 inches of Mercury. The Safety Board investigator calculated the density altitude to be 3,186 feet.

The pilot reported that she had used 10 degrees of flaps for takeoff. She reported the following weights for the flight:

340 pounds - 2 people

18 gallons of fuel

175 pounds of gear

The rear seat had been removed to accommodate the gear, and she estimated the airplane's weight at the time of the accident to be 2,095 pounds.

Aircraft

Registration
N80849
Reported as
Cessna 172M
Category
Airplane
Serial number
17266772
Airframe hours
9,566
Engine
Lycoming O-360, 180 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
Joyce L. Rust
Registered owner
Joyce L. Rust
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Utility; Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · February 1, 2008
Departed
27W · Leavenworth, WA
Destination
BVS · Burlington, WA
Airport
27W · Lake Wenatchee State Airport, runway 27, 2,473 × 100 ft, grass/turf

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
58
Injuries
None
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3
Last flight review
August 1, 2007
Seat
Left
Flight hours
856 total · 766 in this make and model · 756 as pilot in command · 60 in the last 90 days · 17 in the last 30 days · 2 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
Variable at 4 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
82 °F, dew point 46 °F
Altimeter
29.87 inHg
Observed at
EAT, 33 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.

Other investigations on N80849 · 1

Matched to the same aircraft by N-number and date.