- Date
- March 5, 1994, 14:57 local (19:57 UTC)
- Place
- Sanford, FL
- Injuries
- 2 minor
- Damage
- Substantial damage
- Phase of flight
- Initial climb
- Aircraft
- N9134APiper PA-28-161
- Weather
- Visual (VMC) · Day
- Status
- Completed · report December 7, 1994
- Report
- Approved by Office Director
- FAA report
- 19940305003819A
- Case key
- 37503
From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.
On this page
Probable cause
The failure of the pilot to maintain airspeed during the forced landing resulting in an inadvertent stall/mush. The total loss of engine power caused by fuel starvation due to inattentiveness by the pilot-in-command (CFI) to the fuel supply was also a cause.
Sequence of events
NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.
Analysis
During the upwind leg after the fourth or fifth touch-and-go landing, the engine experienced a total loss of engine power due to fuel starvation. The CFI took the controls and landed the airplane on the runway but there was insufficient runway remaining to stop. During the landing roll the engine power was restored and the CFI elected to take off to return for landing. During the upwind leg, the engine again experienced a total loss of engine power due to fuel starvation. During the left turn to return to the airport, the airplane stalled and impacted the ground nose and left wing low. The fuel selector was positioned to the left tank for the duration of the flight and the left fuel tank was empty. The right fuel tank contained 15.4 gallons of fuel.
Factual narrative
On March 5, 1994, about 1457 eastern standard time, a Piper PA-28-161, N9134A, registered to Air Orlando Sales, Inc. crashed shortly after takeoff while practicing touch-and-go landings at the Sanford Regional Airport, Sanford, Florida, while on a 14 CFR Part 91 instructional flight. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time and no flight plan was filed. The airplane was substantially damaged and the certified flight instructor (CFI) and student pilot received minor injuries. The flight originated about 1 hour 24 minutes earlier from Orlando Executive Airport, Orlando, Florida.
The flight departed about 1333 and performed maneuvers then flew to the Sanford Regional Airport where the student was to perform touch-and-go landings. After the fourth or fifth touch- and-go landing during the upwind leg with the student flying the airplane, the engine experienced a loss of power. The CFI took control of the airplane and landed on the runway but stated that he was unable to stop on the runway. The engine power was restored after he cycled the auxiliary fuel pump. He elected to take off but the engine lost power again. During the turn to return for landing, the airplane stalled and impacted the ground nose and left wing low. The student pilot stated that the fuel selector was not moved at any time during the flight.
An FAA inspector arrived at the accident site about 3.5 hours after the accident and examined the airplane. The inspector stated that the left wing was damaged and the fuel line was broken near the wing root area but there was no fuel leakage. The fuel selector was in the "off" position but before being moved it was in the "left" position. He also examined the left wing fuel tank and there was no evidence of fuel inside the tank. The right wing fuel tank was drained and found to contain about 15.4 gallons of fuel. Power was applied directly to the auxiliary fuel pump terminals and the pump was found to operate. The engine-driven fuel pump was removed from the airplane for bench testing and found to operate normally.
According to the owner of the airplane, the airplane had been operated according to the Hobbs meter for 5.1 hours since the fuel tanks were filled.
Aircraft
- Registration
- N9134A
- Reported as
- Piper PA-28-161
- Category
- Airplane
- Serial number
- 28-8616009
- Airframe hours
- 4,060
- Engine
- Lycoming O-320-D3G, 160 horsepower, reciprocating
- Damage
- Substantial damage
- Flight
- Instructional · Part 91
- Registered owner
- Air Orlando Sales, Inc.
- Airworthiness certificate
- Standard, Utility; Standard, Normal
- Last inspection
- 100 hour · December 22, 1993 · 73 hours before
- Airport
- SFB · Central Florida Regional, runway 27R, 8,001 × 150 ft, asphalt
Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.
Flight crew
As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.
- Role
- Pilot
- Age
- 33
- Certificates
- Commercial, Flight instructor
- Airplane ratings
- Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
- Instrument ratings
- Airplane
- Medical
- Class 1, Valid Medical--no waivers/lim.
- Seat
- Right
- Flight hours
- 436 total · 13 in this make and model · 378 as pilot in command · 172 in the last 90 days · 70 in the last 30 days · 3 in the last 24 hours
Weather
- Conditions
- Visual (VMC) · Day
- Wind
- 270° at 10 knots, gusting 15
- Visibility
- 10 statute miles
- Lowest ceiling
- None
- Temperature
- 77 °F, dew point 46 °F
- Altimeter
- 29.00 inHg
- Observed at
- SFB, 1 nm away
FAA reports on this event · 1
The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.