MIA98LA082

NTSB accident investigation · Piper PA-28-140 · Graniteville, SC · February 20, 1998

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
February 20, 1998, 11:15 local (16:15 UTC)
Place
Graniteville, SC
Injuries
1 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Initial climb
Aircraft
N3965KPiper PA-28-140
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report December 31, 1998
Report
Approved by Office Director
FAA report
19980220001589A
Case key
38459

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The NTSB’s determination of the probable cause, and any contributing factors.

failure of the number three exhaust valve, which resulted in loss of engine power and a forced landing. Related factors were: the obstructions (earthen embankment and fence) in the emergency (forced) landing area.

Analysis

The pilot took off on a flight to return the aircraft to his home field after having had maintenance performed on the fuel system. During the initial climb after takeoff, a loss of engine power occurred. Emergency procedure for loss of power was accomplished with negative results, and a turn to the nearest field was begun. During the forced landing, the aircraft overflew the pilot's intended point of touchdown and collided with an earthen embankment and a barbed-wire fence. Subsequent teardown examination of the engine by FAA personnel revealed a broken exhaust valve in the number three cylinder. According to an FAA report, about 30 percent of the valve face was missing. The previous annual inspection was completed on 6/6/97; flight time since overhaul of the engine was reported as 1920.1 hours.

Factual narrative

On February 20, 1998, about 1115 eastern standard time, a Piper PA-28-140, N3965K, registered to an individual, operating as a 14 CFR Part 91 personal flight, experienced a loss of engine power during initial climb after takeoff from Twin Lakes Airport, Graniteville, South Carolina. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed and no flight plan was filed. The airplane received substantial damage, and the private-rated pilot was not injured. The flight originated about 4 minutes before the accident.

The pilot stated that he was returning the airplane to his home field at Aiken Municipal Airport, South Carolina, having had maintenance performed on the gascolator, primer, and fuel selector by an A&P mechanic. Climbing through 400 feet agl, the engine began to run rough and lose power. The pilot felt his only option was a forced landing to a grass field. His final approach carried him further than his intended touchdown point, and he collided with an earth embankment and fence posts, shearing the landing gear, bending the propeller, both wing spars, and the engine mount.

Subsequent teardown examination of the engine by FAA personnel revealed a broken exhaust valve in the number three cylinder. According to the FAA report, about 30 percent of the valve face was missing. The engine had undergone an annual inspection on June 6, 1997, and time since overhaul on the engine was reported as 1920.1 hours by the pilot.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Loss of engine power(partial) - mech failure/malfTakeoff - initial climb
Engine assembly,valve,exhaust - fracturedCause
Forced landingManeuvering - turn to landing area (emergency)
On ground/water encounter with terrain/waterEmergency landing after takeoff
Terrain condition - grass
Terrain condition - dirt bank/rising embankmentFactor
On ground/water collision with objectEmergency landing after takeoff
Object - fence postFactor

Aircraft

Registration
N3965K
Reported as
Piper PA-28-140
Category
Airplane
Serial number
28-23848
Airframe hours
4,216
Engine
Lycoming O-320-E2A, 150 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Registered owner
Henry H. King Jr.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · June 6, 1997 · 51 hours before
Departed
SC42 · SC
Destination
AIK · Aiken, SC

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
37
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Seat
Left
Flight hours
122 total · 82 in this make and model · 69 as pilot in command · 4 in the last 90 days · 1 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
320° at 15 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
66 °F, dew point 43 °F
Altimeter
29.00 inHg
Observed at
AGS, 20 nm away

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.

Other investigations on N3965K · 1

Matched to the same aircraft by N-number and date.