SEA02LA136

NTSB accident investigation · Stearman C3-R · Arlington, WA · July 23, 2002

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
July 23, 2002, 13:30 local (20:30 UTC)
Place
Arlington, WA
Injuries
1 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Landing
Aircraft
N656KStearman C3-R
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report April 8, 2003
Report
Approved by Office Director
Parties
FAA FSDO
FAA report
20020723018639A
Case key
55297

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The NTSB’s determination of the probable cause, and any contributing factors.

The pilot's inadequate remedial action when responding to the swerve/veer of the tailwheel equipped aircraft, leading to a failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll. Factors include the pilot’s lack of experience in the make and model aircraft (less than one hour).

Analysis

The pilot, who purchased the aircraft on the day prior to the accident, and who had never flown this make and model biplane before, initiated the solo flight in an attempt to familiarize himself with the aircraft's flight characteristics. He successfully completed two touch-and-go landings, and was on his third attempt when the accident occurred. According to the pilot, he performed a wheel landing (touchdown on the main gear only), and had just lowered the tailwheel to the runway surface when the aircraft began to veer to the left. The pilot applied right rudder and ultimately right brake, but he was unable to correct the swerve/veer in time to keep the aircraft from turning further to the left. As the aircraft continued to turn toward the left side of the runway, the primary tubing structure of both right main gear legs failed, and the aircraft settled to the runway. In a post-accident telephone conversation, the pilot said that he felt he had not taken sufficient corrective action soon enough, and that by the time he applied full right rudder and applied the brake, the aircraft had veered to a point where it could not be realigned with the runway. There was no indication of any malfunction of the flight controls or of the tailwheel steering system.

Factual narrative

On July 23, 2002, approximately 1330 Pacific daylight time, a tailwheel-equipped Stearman C3-R, N656K, experienced a main gear collapse during the landing roll at Arlington Municipal Airport, Arlington, Washington. The aircraft was owned and operated by the commercial pilot, who was the sole occupant. The pilot was not injured, however the aircraft received substantial damage. The 14 CFR Part 91 personal pleasure flight, departed Arlington Municipal Airport, Arlington, Washington, approximately 30 minutes prior to the accident, and was being operated in visual meteorological conditions. No flight plan had been filed.

The pilot, who purchased the aircraft on the day prior to the accident, and who had never flown this make and model biplane before, initiated the solo flight in an attempt to familiarize himself with the aircraft's flight characteristics. He successfully completed two touch-and-go landings, and was on his third attempt when the accident occurred. According to the pilot, he performed a wheel landing (touchdown on the main gear only), and had just lowered the tailwheel to the runway surface when the aircraft began to veer to the left. The pilot applied right rudder and ultimately right brake, but he was unable to correct the swerve/veer in time to keep the aircraft from turning further to the left. As the aircraft continued to turn toward the left side of the runway, the primary tubing structure of both right main gear legs failed, and the aircraft settled to the runway.

In a post-accident telephone conversation, the pilot said that he felt he had not taken sufficient corrective action soon enough, and that by the time he applied full right rudder and applied the brake, the aircraft had veered to a point where it could not be realigned with the runway. There was no indication of any malfunction of the flight controls or of the tailwheel steering system.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Gear collapsedLanding - roll
Lack of total experience in type of aircraftPilot in commandFactor
Remedial action - inadequatePilot in commandCause
Directional control - not maintainedPilot in commandCause
Landing gear,main gear - overload
Ground loop/swerve - encounteredPilot in command

Aircraft

Registration
N656K
Reported as
Stearman C3-R
Category
Airplane
Serial number
5007
Airframe hours
650
Engine
Wright J-6-7, 225 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Registered owner
Thomas N. Buffaloe
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · June 18, 2002 · 3 hours before
Departed
AWO · Arlington, WA
Destination
AWO
Airport
AWO · Arlington Municipal, runway 16, 5,300 × 100 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
57
Injuries
None
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine sea, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Last flight review
August 2, 2000
Seat
Rear
Flight hours
5,200 total · 1 in this make and model · 5,160 as pilot in command · 80 in the last 90 days · 25 in the last 30 days · 4 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
190° at 3 knots
Visibility
9 statute miles
Temperature
84 °F, dew point 57 °F
Altimeter
29.93 inHg
Observed at
KAWO, 1 nm away

Docket · 1

The files NTSB released with the investigation on December 30, 2002, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 292 KB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.