SEA05LA084

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna T210N · Kalispell, MT · April 20, 2005

Accident · Minor injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
April 20, 2005, 15:17 local (21:17 UTC)
Place
Kalispell, MT
Injuries
2 minor
Damage
Destroyed
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N2AKCessna T210N
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report February 28, 2006
Report
Approved by Office Director
Parties
FAA FSDO
FAA report
20050420005559A
Case key
61346

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

An airborne fire which was fueled by leaking hydraulic fluid (the ignition source for the fire was undetermined) from the landing gear hydraulic system located under the cockpit instrument panel due to inadequate maintenance from other maintenance personnel. Contributing factors were the hydraulic fluid and the pilot's hard landing due the airplane's control not being possible subsequent to the loss of external visibility caused by smoke in the cockpit.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

Airframe/component/system failure/malfunctionApproach - vfr pattern - base turn
Hydraulic system,line - leakCause
Maintenance - inadequateOther maintenance personnelCause
FireApproach - vfr pattern - base turn
Fluid,hydraulic - burnedFactor
Hard landingDescent - emergency
Fuselage,cabin - smokeFactor
Aircraft control - not possiblePilot in commandFactor

Analysis

The pilot lowered the landing gear on a 3.5 mile extended left base. He said that he was cleared to land by air traffic control (ATC). He checked the landing gear down indication lights, and when he looked up again, black smoke was coming from the dash. He looked down at the control pedestal and saw smoke and fire; he said black smoke immediately eliminated outside visibility. The pilot said that the passenger reported seeing the runway out his open window. The pilot landed the airplane, which bounced, and on the second touchdown the front nose gear collapsed and the airplane skidded to a stop. He and the passenger exited the airplane, which subsequently was consumed by the ensuing fire. The airplane's maintenance records indicated that the following maintenance had been done since the beginning of the year: 1. On January 28, 2005, the engine was removed and a remanufactured engine installed. 2. On March 18, 2005, an annual inspection was completed. 3. On March 30, 2005, an inverter (located up/behind the instrument panel) was replaced. 4. On April 11, 2005, the altimeter was replaced with an overhauled one. Postaccident investigation of the landing gear hydraulic pump (located up/behind the instrument panel) and its associated tubular plumbing found several fractures and failures. A NTSB metallurgist examined the hydraulic lines and found no evidence of preexisting cracking or fractures; using a scanning electron microscope, he identified typical intergranular features with rounded edges, which are indicative of high temperature overstress failures. A NTSB fire expert examined the main wire bundle from under the instrument panel and said that due to the extent of fire damage, an ignition source for the fire could not be determined.

Factual narrative

On April 20, 2005, at 1517 mountain daylight time, a Cessna T210N, N2AK, was destroyed during an in-flight fire and subsequent post landing fire at Glacier Park International Airport (GPI), Kalispell, Montana. The commercial pilot and his passenger received minor injuries. Felts Field Aviation Inc., Spokane, Washington, was operating the airplane under Title 14 CFR Part 135. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the cross-country flight that originated from Spokane, Washington, at approximately 1330. The pilot was flying on a VFR flight plan.

The pilot said that he lowered the landing gear on a 3.5 mile extended left base. He said that he was cleared to land by ATC on runway 02. He checked the landing gear down indication lights, and when he looked up again, black smoke was coming from the dash. He looked down at the control pedestal and saw smoke and fire; he said black smoke immediately eliminated outside visibility. The pilot said that the passenger reported seeing the runway out his open window. The pilot landed the airplane, which bounced, and on the second touchdown the front nose gear collapsed and the airplane skidded to a stop. He and the passenger exited the airplane, which subsequently was consumed by the ensuing fire. The airplane's maintenance records indicated that the following maintenance had been done since the beginning of the year: 1. On January 28, 2005, the engine was removed and a remanufactured engine installed. 2. On March 18, 2005, an annual inspection was completed. 3. On March 30, 2005, an inverter (located up/behind the instrument panel) was replaced. 4. On April 11, 2005, the altimeter was replaced with an overhauled one.

Postaccident investigation of the landing gear hydraulic pump (located up/behind the instrument panel) and its associated tubular plumbing found several fractures and failures. A NTSB metallurgist examined the hydraulic lines and found no evidence of preexisting cracking or fractures; using a scanning electron microscope, he identified typical intergranular features with rounded edges, which are indicative of high temperature overstress failures. A NTSB fire expert examined the main wire bundle from under the instrument panel and said that due to the extent of fire damage, an ignition source for the fire could not be determined.

Aircraft

Registration
N2AK
Reported as
Cessna T210N
Category
Airplane
Serial number
21064861
Airframe hours
4,787
Engine
Continental TSIO-520, 285 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Destroyed
Fire
On-Ground
Flight
Part 135
Registered owner
Felts Field Aviation Inc.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · March 1, 2005 · 25 hours before
Departed
SFF · Spokane, WA
Destination
GPI · Kalispell, WA
Flight plan
Company VFR
Airport
FCA · Glacier Park International Arp, runway 02, 8,003 × 150 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
44
Injuries
Minor
Certificate
Commercial
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
October 1, 2004
Seat
Left
Flight hours
3,233 total · 736 in this make and model · 3,084 as pilot in command · 30 in the last 90 days · 12 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
70° at 9 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
11,000 ft broken
Temperature
54 °F, dew point 27 °F
Altimeter
30.04 inHg
Observed at
GPI

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.