SEA06LA033

NTSB accident investigation · McDonnell Douglas MD-83 · Seattle, WA · December 27, 2005

Accident · No injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
December 26, 2005, 16:35 local (Dec 27, 2005, 00:35 UTC)
Place
Seattle, WA
Injuries
142 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N979ASMcDonnell Douglas MD-83
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report August 29, 2006
Report
Approved by Office Director
Parties
FAA FSDO
FAA report
20051226030609A
Case key
62990

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The NTSB’s determination of the probable cause, and any contributing factors.

The ground personnel baggage handler failed to maintain clearance from the aircraft with cargo handling equipment during ground operations and inadvertently damaged the airplane's pressure bulkhead which subsequently decompressed during climb to cruise.

Analysis

The captain said that the airplane arrived late into Seattle, from its previous flight, and the new flight crew was waiting at the gate. After the airplane was chocked and the engines were shut down, the first officer immediately performed his preflight inspection. A ground baggage handler, who was driving a tug towing a train of baggage carts, said that he approached the airplane from aft to forward, but had to maneuver around another train of carts to get close to the belt loader. After loading the carts with baggage, he attempted to drive away. He stated, "I was hoping to make it out, but I felt my tug going against something. I immediately set my foot on the brakes and glanced at the body [in moderate rain] of the aircraft to see if there was any damage. It was a quick glance and I did not see any damage." He did not report the incident to anyone. The pilot said that the takeoff was normal. During the climb out, at approximately 26,000 feet, they heard a loud bang, and the cabin depressurized. He said that they put their oxygen masks on, and coordinated a descent to a lower altitude with Seattle Center. An uneventful landing was performed at Seattle-Tacoma International Airport, Seattle, Washington. Post landing examination of the fuselage revealed a 12 by 6 inch hole between the middle and forward cargo doors on the right side of the airplane. After the occurrence, the ground baggage handler confessed that he had "grazed the airplane" with a tug, while attempting to depart the vicinity of the airplane.

Factual narrative

The factual narrative447 words

On December 26, 2005, at approximately 1635 Pacific standard time, a McDonnell Douglas MD-83, N979AS, was substantially damaged when the airplane experienced a rapid cabin depressurization during climb out from Seattle, Washington. The airline transport pilot captain and first officer, the three flight crew members, and the 137 passengers were not injured. Alaska Airlines Inc. was operating the airplane under Title 14 CFR Part 121, as flight number 536. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the commercial cross-country flight that originated approximately 30 minutes before the accident. The flight was on an IFR clearance with a destination of Burbank, California.

The captain said that the airplane arrived late into Seattle, from its previous flight, and the new flight crew was waiting at the gate. After the airplane was chocked and the engines were shut down, the first officer immediately performed his preflight inspection.

A new (approximately one week on the job) ground baggage handler, who was driving a tug towing a train of baggage carts, said that he waited for a belt loader to be correctly positioned on the right side at the middle cargo door of the airplane. He said that he approached the airplane from aft to forward, but had to maneuver around another train of carts to get close to the belt loader. Once in position, he said the front of his tug was 4 to 5 feet away from the airplane. After loading the carts with baggage, he attempted to drive away. He said that he turned the tug's wheels as far as possible. He stated, "I was hoping to make it out, but I felt my tug going against something. I immediately set my foot on the brakes and glanced at the body [in moderate rain] of the aircraft to see if there was any damage. It was a quick glance and I did not see any damage." He said two other ground personnel came to assist him in maneuvering his tug away from the airplane. He did not report the incident to anyone.

The pilot said that the takeoff was normal. During the climb out, at approximately 26,000 feet, they heard a loud bang, and the cabin depressurized. He said that they put their oxygen masks on, and coordinated a descent to a lower altitude with Seattle Center. An uneventful landing was performed at Seattle-Tacoma International Airport, Seattle, Washington. Post landing examination of the fuselage revealed a 12 by 6 inch hole between the middle and forward cargo doors on the right side of the airplane. After the occurrence, the ground baggage handler confessed that he had "grazed the airplane" with a tug, while attempting to depart the vicinity of the airplane.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

DecompressionClimb - to cruise
Clearance - not maintainedGround personnelCause
Fuselage,pressure bulkhead - puncturedCause

Aircraft

Registration
N979AS
Reported as
McDonnell Douglas MD-83
Category
Airplane
Serial number
53471
Airframe hours
33,530
Engines
Pratt & Whitney JT8D-217A, 20,000 lbs thrust, turbo fanPratt & Whitney JT8D-217A, 20,000 lbs thrust, turbo fan
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Part 121
Registered owner
Alaska Airlines Inc.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Transport
Last inspection
Continuous airworthiness · December 1, 2005
Departed
SEA · Seattle, WA
Destination
BUR · Burbank, CA
Flight plan
IFR
Airport
SEA · Seattle-Tacoma Intern Arpt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
53
Injuries
None
Certificates
Commercial, Airline transport, Flight engineer
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
July 1, 2005
Seat
Left
Flight hours
13,978 total · 162 in the last 90 days · 1 in the last 24 hours
Role
Co-pilot
Age
37
Injuries
None
Certificates
Commercial, Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land, Single-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 1, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
April 1, 2005
Seat
Rear
Flight hours
5,484 total · 210 in the last 90 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
190° at 9 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
7,000 ft broken
Temperature
50 °F, dew point 45 °F
Altimeter
29.87 inHg
Observed at
SEA

Docket · 4

The files NTSB released with the investigation on April 17, 2006, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 550 KB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.