SEA95LA033

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 182 · Murphy, ID · December 28, 1994

Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
December 27, 1994, 21:15 local (Dec 28, 1994, 04:15 UTC)
Place
Murphy, ID
Injuries
2 serious
Damage
Destroyed
Phase of flight
Enroute
Aircraft
N9107XCessna 182
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Night/dark
Status
Completed · report July 31, 1995
Report
Approved by Office Director
FAA report
19941227042979A
Case key
42096

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The NTSB’s determination of the probable cause, and any contributing factors.

The pilot's failure to maintain altitude/clearance from the terrain. Factors include a dark night and a strong headwind.

Analysis

After the completion of an aerial reconnaissance mission, the pilot was descending into the airport of original departure. Because this was a dark night, and there were no ground references except the lights at a municipal building near the airport, the pilot used a loran-based altitude/distance step-down procedure to maintain terrain clearance during the descent. While descending into a 40 knot headwind, without using the landing light, the pilot looked inside the aircraft to set up for the landing. Just after he looked inside, the passenger yelled that the lights near the airport had disappeared. About one second later, as both the pilot and passenger were pulling back on the yoke, the aircraft impacted a ridge.

Factual narrative

On December 27, 1994, approximately 2115 mountain standard time (MST), a Cessna 182, N9107X, impacted the terrain during a VFR descent into Murphy Airport, Murphy, Idaho. The private pilot and his passenger received serious injuries, and the aircraft was destroyed by fire. The aerial observation flight, which was being conducted by the Owyhee County Sheriff, departed Murphy Airport about 2030 MST, and was returning to the airport in visual meteorological conditions. No flight plan had been filed, and there was no report of an ELT activation.

According to the Sheriff's office, the pilot and his aerial observer were returning to the airport after participating in a search for a stolen vehicle. The pilot said that because it was a dark night, he had no outside visual reference information except the lights at the municipal building near the Murphy Airport. He said that as he descended toward Murphy Airport from the northeast, he used a loran-based altitude/distance step- down procedure to remain clear of the terrain. Just after the pilot looked inside the aircraft "...to set a descent to land," his passenger realized that the lights at Murphy were no longer visible. The passenger then yelled at the pilot, and both of them pulled back on the yoke. About one second later, the aircraft impacted a ridge.

The pilot stated that he had successfully used the same descent profile many times before while descending into Murphy. He said that on this flight the only thing unusual was the dark night and an approximately 40 knot headwind the aircraft was descending into. The headwind was confirmed by the 35 to 40 knot difference between the aircraft's airspeed indicator and the ground speed indicated by the loran.

The pilot also stated that the altimeter may have become stuck during the descent, but he did not know for sure if that had happened.

He also said that except for a brief moment to check for precipitation, he did not use the landing light during the descent.

Sequence of events

NTSB’s coding before 2008: each occurrence and phase of flight, and the causes and factors under it. The codes are defined in NTSB’s coding manual.

In flight collision with terrain/waterDescent
Altitude/clearance - not maintainedPilot in commandCause
Light condition - dark nightFactor
Weather condition - high windFactor

Aircraft

Registration
N9107X
Reported as
Cessna 182
Category
Airplane
Serial number
18253507
Airframe hours
4,673
Engine
Continental O-470-L, 235 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Destroyed
Fire
On-Ground
Flight
Aerial observation · Part 91
Operator
Owyhee County Sheriff
Registered owner
Smith, C. & Nettleton, T.
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · September 8, 1994 · 50 hours before
Departed
1U3 · ID

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
55
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, Valid Medical--w/ waivers/lim
Seat
Left

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Night/dark
Wind
135° at 30 knots, gusting 40
Visibility
30 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
8,000 ft overcast
Temperature
34 °F

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.