WPR11LA175

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 172N · Spanish Fork, UT · March 21, 2011

Accident · Serious injuriesLimited investigationFinal report
Date
March 21, 2011, 13:22 local (19:22 UTC)
Place
Spanish Fork, UT
Injuries
1 serious
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Landing
Aircraft
N739DGCessna 172N
Defining event
Landing-flare/touchdown: Loss of control in flight
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report March 20, 2012
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Western Pacific Region
Parties
FAA FSDO
FAA report
20110321005809A
Case key
78615

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The student pilot's inadequate compensation for the gusting wind, which resulted in a loss of airplane control during landing. Contributing to the accident was the pilot's decision to depart with a high gusting wind.

Findings · 5

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Wind: gustsEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Contributed to outcomeCessna 172N: 28 casesAll aircraft: 1,199 cases
Info processing/decision: decision making/judgmentPersonnel issues › Action/decision · Student/instructed pilotCessna 172N: 41 casesAll aircraft: 3,098 casesProbable cause
Wind: gustsEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Response/compensationCessna 172N: 28 casesAll aircraft: 1,199 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: directional controlAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedCessna 172N: 82 casesAll aircraft: 3,958 casesProbable cause
Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · Student/instructed pilotCessna 172N: 150 casesAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The student pilot reported that, after he completed his preflight inspection, he delayed his departure because of reported high wind conditions at his planned destination airport located 5 nautical miles (nm) away. The nearest weather reporting facility was located at that airport, and the wind reported about 32 minutes before the accident was southwesterly at 16 knots, gusting to 26 knots. Shortly thereafter, the pilot noted that the wind was down the runway so he decided to depart for local takeoff-and-landing practice. During his first landing, the airplane bounced and the pilot said that he encountered a “microburst or intense wind.” The pilot lost control of the airplane and it departed the left side of the runway. The airplane cartwheeled several times and impacted an airport perimeter fence. About 28 minutes after the accident, the wind at the airport 5 nm away increased to 22 knots, gusting to 40 knots. Two witnesses reported a high, gusting wind at the accident airport and estimated it to be 40 to 50 knots from the southwest at the time of the accident. The pilot was landing to the southeast, and it is likely that the pilot encountered a gusting crosswind. The pilot reported no preimpact mechanical failures or malfunctions with the airplane.

Factual narrative

On March 21, 2011, at 1322 mountain daylight time, a Cessna 172N, N739DG, sustained substantial damage when it collided with terrain during landing on runway 12 at Spanish Fork Airport, Spanish Fork, Utah. The student pilot, the sole occupant, was seriously injured. The airplane was operated by Amehigh LLC under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations Part 91. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed for the local solo training flight, which had originated approximately 20 minutes before the accident. A flight plan had not been filed. The pilot reported that he was practicing for his private pilot check ride, which was scheduled to take place on March 25, 2011. After he performed a preflight inspection of the airplane, he delayed his departure because of reported high wind conditions at Provo, Utah, 5 nautical miles (nm) away, where he was planning to practice landings. He waited about an hour, and the wind speeds at Provo continued to increase. The pilot noted that at Spanish Fork the wind was down the runway. He decided to depart for some local practice takeoffs and landings. During his first landing on runway 12, the airplane bounced and encountered a “microburst or intense wind.” The pilot lost control of the airplane, and it departed the left side of the runway. The airplane cartwheeled several times and impacted an airport perimeter fence. Both wings and the empennage were wrinkled and bent, and the engine separated from its mounts. The wind reported at 1250 at Provo, located 5 nm northwest of the accident site, was from 200 degrees at 16 knots gusting to 26 knots. An hour later, at 1350, the reported wind conditions at Provo were from 200 degrees at 22 knots gusting to 40 knots. For runway 12, this wind would have resulted in a right steady state crosswind component of 21 knots and gust component of 38 knots. Spanish Fork does not have a weather reporting facility on the airport. A witness said that he saw the airplane taxi for takeoff and heard the airplane depart. He said that 5 minutes later, as he was preparing to leave the airport, the wind “came up” and shook his hangar, rattling the hangar door. This witness stated that as he drove away from the airport he estimated the wind was blowing at 40 to 50 knots and gusting violently. He said that about 10 minutes later he heard about the crash at the airport. Another witness who watched the accident from about 1/2 mile away, stated that the wind was so strong that it rocked the truck he was driving. The pilot reported no preimpact mechanical failures or malfunctions.

Aircraft

Registration
N739DG
Reported as
Cessna 172N
Category
Airplane
Serial number
17270456
Airframe hours
3,197
Engine
Lycoming O-320-H2AD, 160 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Instructional · Part 91
Operator
Amehigh LLC
Registered owner
Amehigh LLC
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Utility; Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · January 26, 2011
Departed
U77 · Spanish Fork, UT
Destination
U77 · Spanish Fork, UT
Airport
U77 · Spanish Fork, runway 12, 5,700 × 100 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Student pilot
Age
39
Injuries
Serious
Certificate
Student
Medical
Class 3, Without waivers/limitations
Seat
Left
Flight hours
58 total · 56 in this make and model · 15 as pilot in command · 30 in the last 90 days · 12 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
200° at 22 knots, gusting 40
Visibility
6 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
3,000 ft overcast
Temperature
37 °F, dew point 32 °F
Altimeter
29.69 inHg
Observed at
PVU, 5 nm away

Docket · 4

The files NTSB released with the investigation on February 9, 2012, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 1.4 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.