WPR13CA065

NTSB accident investigation · Bellanca 7ECA · Tehachapi, CA · December 8, 2012

Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
December 7, 2012, 16:55 local (Dec 8, 2012, 00:55 UTC)
Place
Tehachapi, CA
Injuries
1 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Approach
Aircraft
N8595VBellanca 7ECA
Defining event
Approach: VFR encounter with IMC
Weather
Instrument (IMC) · Dusk
Status
Completed · report April 10, 2013
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Western Pacific Region
Parties
Federal Aviation Administration FSDO
FAA report
20121207027909A
Case key
85762

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The non-instrument-rated pilot's continued descent into instrument meteorological conditions during the landing approach and his loss of situational awareness, which resulted in a collision with terrain.

Findings · 5

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Ceiling/visibility/precip: fogEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Effect on operationBellanca 7ECA: 1 caseAll aircraft: 78 casesProbable cause
Ceiling/visibility/precip: fogEnvironmental issues › Conditions/weather/phenomena · Decision related to conditionBellanca 7ECA: 1 caseAll aircraft: 78 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The non-instrument-rated pilot stated that prior to departure, weather reports indicated that clear sky conditions prevailed at the departure airport with areas of fog at his destination. Despite the possibility of fog at his destination, he decided to attempt the flight with the intention of diverting to an alternate airport if the weather conditions deteriorated. While en route over mountainous terrain, he observed fog encroaching the foothills near the destination airport. The pilot attempted to listen to the airport’s automated weather observation system but could only discern the altimeter reading due to radio static. He initiated a descent to the traffic pattern altitude and observed fog approaching the airport’s perimeter. The pilot further stated that as the airplane was on the final approach path, about 3 miles from the airport, the visibility began to decrease. In an effort to maintain visual contact with the airport, he maneuvered the airplane below a fog bank and elected to continue the approach in instrument meteorological conditions. The airplane descended to about 500 feet above ground level and became surrounded by fog, resulting in the pilot losing visual reference. Shortly thereafter, the airplane touched down in a plowed field and rolled onto its right side, sustaining substantial damage to the fuselage and the right wing. Weather records revealed that at the time of the pilot’s initial weather briefing, the destination airport was reporting instrument meteorological conditions. The accident occurred just before dusk. The pilot reported no preimpact mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation.

Factual narrative

The non-instrument rated pilot stated that prior to departure, weather reports indicated that clear sky conditions prevailed at the departure airport with areas of fog at his destination. Despite the possibility of fog at his destination, he decided to attempt the flight with the intention of diverting to an alternate airport if the weather conditions deteriorated. While en route over mountainous terrain, he observed fog encroaching the foothills near the destination airport. The pilot attempted to listen to the airport’s automated weather observation system, but could only discern the altimeter reading due to radio static. He initiated a descent to the traffic pattern altitude and observed fog approaching the airport’s perimeter. The pilot further stated that as the airplane was on the final approach path, about 3 miles from the airport, the visibility began to decrease. In an effort to maintain visual contact with the airport, he maneuvered the airplane below a fog bank and elected to continue the approach. The airplane descended to about 500 feet agl and became surrounded by fog, resulting in the pilot losing visual reference. Shortly thereafter, the main landing gear touched down in a plowed field and the airplane rolled onto its right side, sustaining substantial damage to the fuselage and the right wing. Weather records revealed that at the time of the pilot’s initial weather briefing, the destination airport was reporting instrument meteorological conditions. The accident occurred just before dusk. The pilot reported no preimpact mechanical malfunctions or failures with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation.

Aircraft

Registration
N8595V
Reported as
Bellanca 7ECA
Category
Airplane
Serial number
1076-75
Airframe hours
2,277
Engine
Lycoming O-235 SERIES, 115 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Aerobatic; Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · August 1, 2012 · 18 hours before
Departed
KSZP · Santa Paula, CA
Destination
KTSP · Tehachapi, CA
Airport
KTSP · Tehachapi, runway 29, 4,031 × 75 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
31
Injuries
Fatal
Certificate
Private
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land
Medical
Class 3, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
July 15, 2011
Seat
Front
Flight hours
200 total · 197 in this make and model · 165 as pilot in command · 11 in the last 90 days · 2 in the last 30 days

Weather

Conditions
Instrument (IMC) · Dusk
Wind
320° at 8 knots
Visibility
2 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
300 ft overcast
Temperature
45 °F, dew point 45 °F
Altimeter
30.07 inHg
Observed at
KTSP, 3 nm away

Docket · 3

The files NTSB released with the investigation on January 7, 2013, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 403 KB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.