WPR15CA004

NTSB accident investigation · Cessna 172S · Sedona, AZ · October 5, 2014

Accident · Minor injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
October 5, 2014, 10:30 local (17:30 UTC)
Place
Sedona, AZ
Injuries
1 minor
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Landing
Aircraft
N2179LCessna 172S
Defining event
Landing-landing roll: Loss of control on ground
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report December 5, 2014
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Western Pacific Region
FAA report
20141005019399A
Case key
90221

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

On this page

Probable cause

The pilot's failure to maintain airplane control during the landing roll out.

Findings · 3

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotCessna 172S: 206 casesAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause
Performance/control parameters: directional controlAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedCessna 172S: 66 casesAll aircraft: 3,958 casesProbable cause
Terrain: sloped/uneven terrainEnvironmental issues › Physical environment · Contributed to outcomeCessna 172S: 3 casesAll aircraft: 270 cases

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

The pilot stated that he was on an extended final for landing. As he got closer to the runway, he noted that he was right of centerline, and made corrections to return to the runway centerline for landing. The pilot indicated that he was still making corrections as he initiated the flare to land. The flare was too high, and as a result, the airplane developed a greater than desired sink rate, which he corrected by adding power. The pilot stated that the landing was firmer than normal, and the airplane bounced before it settled back to the runway. The pilot looked inside the cockpit to retract the flaps and reduce the power to idle. When he looked back outside, the airplane was pointed off the runway. The pilot added right rudder to correct back to the runway. He did not want to add too much rudder and lose airplane control, and when he went to apply the brakes, he noted that his feet were too far down the rudder pedals, so there was no braking action. The airplane departed the runway surface, and traveled onto the grass, toward a ditch. As the airplane traversed through the ditch, the nose landing gear collapsed, the propeller struck the ground, and then the airplane came to rest inverted. The airplane sustained substantial damage to right wing, rudder, and vertical stabilizer. The pilot reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. In the Recommendation (how could this accident/incident have been prevented) section of the accident report, the pilot reported that the flight school has changed their policy, and no longer allows solo students to fly to the accident airport. He further reported that if he had ensured positive aircraft control prior to retracting the flaps, or taking his attention away from the landing, the airplane would not have yawed to the side of the runway.

Factual narrative

The pilot stated that he was on an extended final for landing. As he got closer to the runway, he noted that he was right of centerline, and made corrections to return to the runway centerline for landing. The pilot indicated that he was still making corrections as he initiated the flare to land. The flare was too high, and as a result, the airplane developed a greater than desired sink rate, which he corrected by adding power. The pilot stated that the landing was firmer than normal, and the airplane bounced before it settled back to the runway. The pilot looked inside the cockpit to retract the flaps and reduce the power to idle. When he looked back outside, the airplane was pointed off the runway. The pilot added right rudder to correct back to the runway. He did not want to add too much rudder and lose airplane control, and when he went to apply the brakes, he noted that his feet were too far down the rudder pedals, so there was no braking action. The airplane departed the runway surface, and traveled onto the grass, toward a ditch. As the airplane traversed through the ditch, the nose landing gear collapsed, the propeller struck the ground, and then the airplane came to rest inverted. The airplane sustained substantial damage to right wing, rudder, and vertical stabilizer. The pilot reported that there were no mechanical malfunctions with the airplane that would have precluded normal operation. In the Recommendation (how could this accident/incident have been prevented) section of the accident report, the pilot reported that the flight school has changed their policy, and no longer allows solo students to fly to the accident airport. He further reported that if he had ensured positive aircraft control prior to retracting the flaps, or taking his attention away from the landing, the airplane would not have yawed to the side of the runway.

Aircraft

Registration
N2179L
Reported as
Cessna 172S
Category
Airplane
Serial number
172S9633
Built
2004
Airframe hours
7,558
Engine
Lycoming IO-360-L2A, 180 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Instructional · Part 91
Operator
Northern Arizona Investment Group LLC
Registered owner
Northern Arizona Investment Group LLC
Airworthiness certificate
Certificate of authorization or waiver (COA)
Last inspection
100 hour · September 15, 2014 · 50 hours before
Departed
PRC · Prescott, AZ
Destination
SEZ · Sedona, AZ
Airport
SEZ · Sedona, runway 03, 5,132 × 100 ft, asphalt
Equipment
Electronic flight bag or handheld device, Data recorder, Auto-pilot, Angle of attack indicator, Airframe parachute, ADS-B, Video recording device, Stall warning system, Onboard weather, Heads up display, Electronic primary flight display, Handheld GPS

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
29
Injuries
Minor
Certificates
Flight instructor, Commercial
Instrument ratings
Helicopter
Medical
Class 2, Without waivers/limitations
Last flight review
April 15, 2014
Seat
Left
Restraint
3-point
Flight hours
403 total · 22 in this make and model

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
Variable at 5 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
64 °F, dew point 27 °F
Altimeter
30.29 inHg
Observed at
KFLG, 19 nm away

Docket · 2

The files NTSB released with the investigation on November 20, 2014, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 4.3 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.

Other investigations on N2179L · 1

Matched to the same aircraft by N-number and date.