WPR16CA077

NTSB accident investigation · Stinson 108 3 · Livermore, CA · February 25, 2016

Accident · No injuriesData collectionFinal report
Date
February 25, 2016, 11:30 local (19:30 UTC)
Place
Livermore, CA
Injuries
2 uninjured
Damage
Substantial damage
Phase of flight
Landing
Aircraft
N862CStinson 108 3
Defining event
Landing-landing roll: Loss of control on ground
Weather
Visual (VMC) · Day
Status
Completed · report May 3, 2016
Report
Approved by Office Director
NTSB office
Western Pacific Region
Parties
FSDO
FAA report
20160225003619A
Case key
92795

From the NTSB’s public API. By law, NTSB reports can’t be used as evidence in lawsuits over the accident.

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Probable cause

The pilot's failure to maintain directional control during the landing roll. Contributing to the accident was maintenance personnel's failure to detect the worn tailwheel assembly during the airplane's annual inspection.

Findings · 6

NTSB’s coded findings. Those marked are part of the probable cause; the rest are factors or other findings. Under each, the cases with the same finding.

Performance/control parameters: directional controlAircraft › Aircraft oper/perf/capability · Not attained/maintainedStinson 108-3: 11 casesAll aircraft: 3,958 casesProbable cause
Use of equip/info: aircraft controlPersonnel issues › Task performance · PilotStinson 108-3: 9 casesAll aircraft: 9,295 casesProbable cause
Landing gear system: nose/tail landing gearAircraft › Aircraft systems · Fatigue/wear/corrosionStinson 108-3: 1 caseAll aircraft: 185 casesProbable cause
Landing gear system: nose/tail landing gearAircraft › Aircraft systems · Inadequate inspectionStinson 108-3: 1 caseAll aircraft: 185 casesProbable cause
Inspection: scheduled/routine inspectionPersonnel issues › Task performance · Maintenance personnelStinson 108-3: 1 caseAll aircraft: 167 casesProbable cause

Sequence of events

The events NTSB coded, in order, by phase of flight. The defining event is the one that best describes the accident. Under each, the cases with the same event anywhere in their sequence.

Analysis

**This report was modified on February 20, 2020. Please see the public docket for this accident to view the original report.** The pilot reported that during the landing on runway 25L in the tail-wheel equipped airplane, it touched down in a three-point landing attitude on the centerline. Shortly thereafter, it started to veer to the right. The pilot applied full left rudder and brake application; however, the airplane continued to veer off the right edge of the runway into tall grass and ground looped. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left wing. While taxiing the airplane back to the hangar, the pilot stated that he noticed that the wind was blowing from the northeast and that runway 7L was now in use. He also noticed that the left rudder/brake pedal required more travel distance than the right pedal, with reduced brake effectiveness on the left side. The National Transportation Safety Board's (NTSB) postaccident examination of the brake system found no evidence of preimpact mechanical malfunctions or failures were revealed that would have precluded normal operation. Subsequent to the NTSB's examination, a mechanic examined the tailwheel unit and found that it was loosely mounted and that the steering springs were weak. The mechanic then disassembled the tailwheel unit and found that the mount hole was excessively large and that a dowel and compression spring were worn. The mechanic's findings were consistent with wear over time and not a sudden failure. Thus, the issues with the tailwheel assembly existed before the accident and likely contributed to the uncommanded right turn; however, with appropriate braking, the pilot should have been able to regain directional control and keep the airplane on the runway. The airplane's last annual inspection before the accident occurred on August 20, 2015. The issues with the tailwheel assembly would have developed over a period of time that was much longer than the 6 months between the annual inspection and the accident. Thus, maintenance personnel should have detected the tailwheel assembly issues during the annual inspection.

Factual narrative

The pilot reported that during the landing on runway 25L in the tail-wheel equipped airplane, it touched down in a three-point landing attitude on the centerline. Shortly thereafter, it started to veer to the right. The pilot applied full left rudder and brake application; however, the airplane continued to veer off the right edge of the runway into tall grass and ground looped. The airplane sustained substantial damage to the left wing. While taxiing the airplane back to the hangar, the pilot stated that he noticed that the wind was blowing from the northeast and that runway 7L was now in use. He also noticed that the left rudder/brake pedal required more travel distance than the right pedal, with reduced brake effectiveness on the left side. During a postaccident examination of the brake system, no evidence of preimpact mechanical malfunctions or failures were revealed that would have precluded normal operation.

Aircraft

Registration
N862C
Reported as
Stinson 108 3 (UNDESIGNAT)
Category
Airplane
Serial number
1083862
Built
1947
Airframe hours
1,923
Engine
Franklin 6A4165 SERIES, 165 horsepower, reciprocating
Damage
Substantial damage
Flight
Personal · Part 91
Operator
WHALEN FRANK and EPPERSON MARK
Registered owner
WHALEN FRANK and EPPERSON MARK
Airworthiness certificate
Standard, Normal
Last inspection
Annual · August 20, 2015
Departed
TCY · Tracy, CA
Destination
LVK · Livermore, CA
Airport
LVK · Livermore Muni, runway 25L, 2,699 × 75 ft, asphalt

Matched to the registry by N-number and the event date; the registry’s history has gaps, so older matches can be wrong. Compare the reported make and model.

Flight crew · 2

As NTSB recorded them. NTSB leaves out names.

Role
Pilot
Age
68
Injuries
None
Certificates
Flight instructor, Airline transport
Airplane ratings
Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 2, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
October 30, 2015
Seat
Right
Flight hours
17,940 total · 1 in this make and model · 15,090 as pilot in command · 210 in the last 90 days · 67 in the last 30 days · 3 in the last 24 hours
Role
Pilot
Age
67
Injuries
None
Certificates
Airline transport, Flight instructor
Airplane ratings
Single-engine land, Multi-engine land
Instrument ratings
Airplane
Medical
Class 3, With waivers/limitations
Last flight review
September 5, 2015
Seat
Left
Flight hours
22,300 total · 45 in this make and model · 17,800 as pilot in command · 12 in the last 90 days · 10 in the last 30 days · 1 in the last 24 hours

Weather

Conditions
Visual (VMC) · Day
Wind
Variable at 10 knots
Visibility
10 statute miles
Lowest ceiling
None
Temperature
64 °F, dew point 39 °F
Altimeter
30.15 inHg
Observed at
KLVK

Docket · 9

The files NTSB released with the investigation on April 26, 2016, on NTSB’s docket system: statements, records, photos and specialists’ reports. 10.8 MB in all.

FAA reports on this event · 1

The FAA’s own accident and incident reports, matched to the aircraft by N-number and date.